Research Article
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Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source

Year 2021, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 349 - 356, 15.04.2021

Şerif Ali Sadık Fırat Ertaç Durak Ahmet Altuncu

https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.789433

Abstract

Fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) are ideal sensors for temperature, strain or vibration sensing applications with their advantages over conventional electronics sensor systems. In this paper, two different FBG sensor interrogation schemes based on broadband ASE source and tunable EDFRL source are demonstrated and compared. With both interrogator configurations, the response of the FBG sensor to temperature change is found to be linear and the sensitivities are measured as 11 pm/°C and 10.5 pm/°C, respectively. The experimental results have revealed that the optical power reflected from the FBG sensor is almost 20 dB higher with tunable EDFRL source than broadband ASE source. Thus, an interrogation method with tunable EDFRL can be suitable for remote, quasi-distributed sensor applications requiring high output power and OSNR.

Keywords

Fiber Bragg grating broadband ASE source tunable erbium doped fiber ring laser source optical sensor interrogation

Supporting Institution

Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi

Project Number

2017/43

Thanks

This work was financially supported by the Scientific Research Projects of Dumlupinar University, project number 2017/43

References

  • Z. Fu, D. Yang, W. Ye, J. Kong, and Y. Shen, “Widely tunable compact erbium-doped fiber ring laser for fiber-optic sensing applications,” Opt. Laser Technol., vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 392–396, 2009.
  • W. W. Morey, G. Meltz, and W. H. Glenn, “Fiber Optic Bragg Grating Sensors,” in Proceedings 1169, Fiber Optic and Laser Sensors VII, 1990, vol. 1169, pp. 1110–1169.
  • Y. Wang, J. Gong, B. Dong, D. Y. Wang, T. J. Shillig, and A. Wang, “A Large Serial Time-Division Multiplexed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 30, no. 17. pp. 2751–2756, 2012.
  • T. Vella et al., “Full-spectrum interrogation of fiber Bragg gratings at 100 kHz for detection of impact loading,” Meas. Sci. Technol., vol. 21, no. 9, p. 94009, 2010.
  • H. Tsuda, “Fiber Bragg grating vibration-sensing system, insensitive to Bragg wavelength and employing fiber ring laser,” Opt. Lett., vol. 35, no. 14, pp. 2349–2351, 2010.
  • S. Sugavanam, A. A. Gbadebo, M. Kamalian-Kopae, and A. Majumdar, “A Compressed Sensing Approach to Fibre Bragg Interrogation,” in 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC), 2019, p. 1.
  • Z. Luo, H. Wen, H. Guo, and M. Yang, “A time- and wavelength-division multiplexing sensor network with ultra-weak fiber Bragg gratings.,” Opt. Express, vol. 21, no. 19, pp. 22799–22807, Sep. 2013.
  • K. Yuksel and D. Pala, “Analytical investigation of a novel interrogation approach of fiber Bragg grating sensors using Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry,” Opt. Lasers Eng., vol. 81, pp. 119–124, Jun. 2016.
  • T. A. Berkoff, M. A. Davis, D. G. Bellemore, A. D. Kersey, G. M. Williams, and M. A. Putnam, “Hybrid time- and wavelength-division multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensor array,” 1995, vol. 2444, pp. 2444–2447.
  • C. Crunelle, M. Wuilpart, C. Caucheteur, and P. Mégret, “Original interrogation system for quasi-distributed FBG-based temperature sensor with fast demodulation technique,” Sensors Actuators A Phys., vol. 150, no. 2, pp. 192–198, Mar. 2009.
  • D. J. Cooper, T. Coroy, and P. W. Smith, “Time-division multiplexing of large serial fiber-optic Bragg grating sensor arrays,” Appl. Opt., vol. 40, no. 16, p. 2643—2654, 2001.
  • S. Werzinger, S. Bergdolt, R. Engelbrecht, T. Thiel, and B. Schmauss, “Quasi-Distributed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing Using Stepped Incoherent Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry,” J. Light. Technol., vol. 34, no. 22, pp. 5270–5277, 2016.
  • H. Y. Fu, H. L. Liu, W. H. Chung, and H. Y. Tam, “A Novel Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Configuration for Long-Distance Quasi-Distributed Measurement,” IEEE Sens. J., vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 1598–1602, 2008.
  • A. Hegyi, P. Kiesel, and A. Raghavan, “Time- and Wavelength-Multiplexed Wavelength Shift Detection for High-Resolution, Low-Cost Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensing,” J. Light. Technol., vol. 35, no. 19, pp. 4234–4241, 2017.
  • G. R. Kirikera, O. Balogun, and S. Krishnaswamy, “Adaptive Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network for Structural Health Monitoring: Applications to Impact Monitoring,” Struct. Heal. Monit., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 5–16, Apr. 2010.
  • Y. Dai, Y. Liu, J. Leng, G. Deng, and A. Asundi, “A novel time-division multiplexing fiber Bragg grating sensor interrogator for structural health monitoring,” Opt. Lasers Eng., vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 1028–1033, 2009.
  • H. K. Kim, W. Shin, and T. J. Ahn, “UV sensor based on photomechanically functional polymer-coated FBG,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., vol. 22, no. 19, pp. 1404–1406, 2010.
  • L. Yan, Z. Wu, Z. Zhang, W. Pan, B. Luo, and P. Wang, “High-Speed FBG-Based Fiber Sensor Networks for Semidistributed Strain Measurements,” IEEE Photonics J., vol. 5, no. 2, p. 7200507, 2013.
  • Y. Wang, J. Gong, D. Y. Wang, B. Dong, W. Bi, and A. Wang, “A quasi-distributed sensing network with time-division-multiplexed fiber bragg gratings,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 70–72, 2011.
  • T. Saitoh, K. Nakamura, Y. Takahashi, H. Iida, Y. Iki, and K. Miyagi, “Ultra-long-distance (230 km) FBG sensor system,” in 19th International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors, 2008, vol. 7004, p. 70046C.
  • M. Fernandez-Vallejo, S. Rota-Rodrigo, and M. Lopez-Amo, “Remote (250 km) fiber Bragg grating multiplexing system,” Sensors, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 8711–8720, 2011.
  • S. H. Yun, D. J. Richardson, and B. Y. Kim, “Interrogation of fiber grating sensor arrays with a wavelength-swept fiber laser,” Opt. Lett., vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 843–845, 1998.
  • Y. Wang, Y. Cui, and B. Yun, “A fiber Bragg grating sensor system for simultaneously static and dynamic measurements with a wavelength-swept fiber laser,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., vol. 18, no. 14, pp. 1539–1541, 2006.
  • S. A. Sadik, F. E. Durak, and A. Altuncu, “Spectral Characterization of an Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser for Wideband Operation,” in 2018 Advances in Wireless and Optical Communications (RTUWO), 2018, pp. 130–133.
  • S. A. Sadik, F. E. Durak, and A. Altuncu, “Widely tunable erbium doped fiber ring laser based on loop and double-pass EDFA design,” Opt. Laser Technol., vol. 124, Apr. 2020.
  • R. M. Liu, D. K. Liang, and A. Asundi, “Small diameter fiber Bragg gratings and applications,” Measurement, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 3440–3448, 2013.

Year 2021, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 349 - 356, 15.04.2021

Şerif Ali Sadık Fırat Ertaç Durak Ahmet Altuncu

https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.789433

Abstract

Project Number

2017/43

References

  • Z. Fu, D. Yang, W. Ye, J. Kong, and Y. Shen, “Widely tunable compact erbium-doped fiber ring laser for fiber-optic sensing applications,” Opt. Laser Technol., vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 392–396, 2009.
  • W. W. Morey, G. Meltz, and W. H. Glenn, “Fiber Optic Bragg Grating Sensors,” in Proceedings 1169, Fiber Optic and Laser Sensors VII, 1990, vol. 1169, pp. 1110–1169.
  • Y. Wang, J. Gong, B. Dong, D. Y. Wang, T. J. Shillig, and A. Wang, “A Large Serial Time-Division Multiplexed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 30, no. 17. pp. 2751–2756, 2012.
  • T. Vella et al., “Full-spectrum interrogation of fiber Bragg gratings at 100 kHz for detection of impact loading,” Meas. Sci. Technol., vol. 21, no. 9, p. 94009, 2010.
  • H. Tsuda, “Fiber Bragg grating vibration-sensing system, insensitive to Bragg wavelength and employing fiber ring laser,” Opt. Lett., vol. 35, no. 14, pp. 2349–2351, 2010.
  • S. Sugavanam, A. A. Gbadebo, M. Kamalian-Kopae, and A. Majumdar, “A Compressed Sensing Approach to Fibre Bragg Interrogation,” in 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC), 2019, p. 1.
  • Z. Luo, H. Wen, H. Guo, and M. Yang, “A time- and wavelength-division multiplexing sensor network with ultra-weak fiber Bragg gratings.,” Opt. Express, vol. 21, no. 19, pp. 22799–22807, Sep. 2013.
  • K. Yuksel and D. Pala, “Analytical investigation of a novel interrogation approach of fiber Bragg grating sensors using Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry,” Opt. Lasers Eng., vol. 81, pp. 119–124, Jun. 2016.
  • T. A. Berkoff, M. A. Davis, D. G. Bellemore, A. D. Kersey, G. M. Williams, and M. A. Putnam, “Hybrid time- and wavelength-division multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensor array,” 1995, vol. 2444, pp. 2444–2447.
  • C. Crunelle, M. Wuilpart, C. Caucheteur, and P. Mégret, “Original interrogation system for quasi-distributed FBG-based temperature sensor with fast demodulation technique,” Sensors Actuators A Phys., vol. 150, no. 2, pp. 192–198, Mar. 2009.
  • D. J. Cooper, T. Coroy, and P. W. Smith, “Time-division multiplexing of large serial fiber-optic Bragg grating sensor arrays,” Appl. Opt., vol. 40, no. 16, p. 2643—2654, 2001.
  • S. Werzinger, S. Bergdolt, R. Engelbrecht, T. Thiel, and B. Schmauss, “Quasi-Distributed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing Using Stepped Incoherent Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry,” J. Light. Technol., vol. 34, no. 22, pp. 5270–5277, 2016.
  • H. Y. Fu, H. L. Liu, W. H. Chung, and H. Y. Tam, “A Novel Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Configuration for Long-Distance Quasi-Distributed Measurement,” IEEE Sens. J., vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 1598–1602, 2008.
  • A. Hegyi, P. Kiesel, and A. Raghavan, “Time- and Wavelength-Multiplexed Wavelength Shift Detection for High-Resolution, Low-Cost Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensing,” J. Light. Technol., vol. 35, no. 19, pp. 4234–4241, 2017.
  • G. R. Kirikera, O. Balogun, and S. Krishnaswamy, “Adaptive Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network for Structural Health Monitoring: Applications to Impact Monitoring,” Struct. Heal. Monit., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 5–16, Apr. 2010.
  • Y. Dai, Y. Liu, J. Leng, G. Deng, and A. Asundi, “A novel time-division multiplexing fiber Bragg grating sensor interrogator for structural health monitoring,” Opt. Lasers Eng., vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 1028–1033, 2009.
  • H. K. Kim, W. Shin, and T. J. Ahn, “UV sensor based on photomechanically functional polymer-coated FBG,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., vol. 22, no. 19, pp. 1404–1406, 2010.
  • L. Yan, Z. Wu, Z. Zhang, W. Pan, B. Luo, and P. Wang, “High-Speed FBG-Based Fiber Sensor Networks for Semidistributed Strain Measurements,” IEEE Photonics J., vol. 5, no. 2, p. 7200507, 2013.
  • Y. Wang, J. Gong, D. Y. Wang, B. Dong, W. Bi, and A. Wang, “A quasi-distributed sensing network with time-division-multiplexed fiber bragg gratings,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 70–72, 2011.
  • T. Saitoh, K. Nakamura, Y. Takahashi, H. Iida, Y. Iki, and K. Miyagi, “Ultra-long-distance (230 km) FBG sensor system,” in 19th International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors, 2008, vol. 7004, p. 70046C.
  • M. Fernandez-Vallejo, S. Rota-Rodrigo, and M. Lopez-Amo, “Remote (250 km) fiber Bragg grating multiplexing system,” Sensors, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 8711–8720, 2011.
  • S. H. Yun, D. J. Richardson, and B. Y. Kim, “Interrogation of fiber grating sensor arrays with a wavelength-swept fiber laser,” Opt. Lett., vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 843–845, 1998.
  • Y. Wang, Y. Cui, and B. Yun, “A fiber Bragg grating sensor system for simultaneously static and dynamic measurements with a wavelength-swept fiber laser,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., vol. 18, no. 14, pp. 1539–1541, 2006.
  • S. A. Sadik, F. E. Durak, and A. Altuncu, “Spectral Characterization of an Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser for Wideband Operation,” in 2018 Advances in Wireless and Optical Communications (RTUWO), 2018, pp. 130–133.
  • S. A. Sadik, F. E. Durak, and A. Altuncu, “Widely tunable erbium doped fiber ring laser based on loop and double-pass EDFA design,” Opt. Laser Technol., vol. 124, Apr. 2020.
  • R. M. Liu, D. K. Liang, and A. Asundi, “Small diameter fiber Bragg gratings and applications,” Measurement, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 3440–3448, 2013.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Electrical Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Şerif Ali Sadık 0000-0003-2883-1431

Fırat Ertaç Durak 0000-0002-4278-6561

Ahmet Altuncu 0000-0002-3753-9515

Project Number 2017/43
Publication Date April 15, 2021
Submission Date September 2, 2020
Acceptance Date February 1, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 25 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Sadık, Ş. A., Durak, F. E., & Altuncu, A. (2021). Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source. Sakarya University Journal of Science, 25(2), 349-356. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.789433
AMA Sadık ŞA, Durak FE, Altuncu A. Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source. SAUJS. April 2021;25(2):349-356. doi:10.16984/saufenbilder.789433
Chicago Sadık, Şerif Ali, Fırat Ertaç Durak, and Ahmet Altuncu. “Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source”. Sakarya University Journal of Science 25, no. 2 (April 2021): 349-56. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.789433.
EndNote Sadık ŞA, Durak FE, Altuncu A (April 1, 2021) Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source. Sakarya University Journal of Science 25 2 349–356.
IEEE Ş. A. Sadık, F. E. Durak, and A. Altuncu, “Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source”, SAUJS, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 349–356, 2021, doi: 10.16984/saufenbilder.789433.
ISNAD Sadık, Şerif Ali et al. “Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source”. Sakarya University Journal of Science 25/2 (April 2021), 349-356. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.789433.
JAMA Sadık ŞA, Durak FE, Altuncu A. Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source. SAUJS. 2021;25:349–356.
MLA Sadık, Şerif Ali et al. “Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source”. Sakarya University Journal of Science, vol. 25, no. 2, 2021, pp. 349-56, doi:10.16984/saufenbilder.789433.
Vancouver Sadık ŞA, Durak FE, Altuncu A. Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Interrogation Using Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Source. SAUJS. 2021;25(2):349-56.
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