Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University

Somaia Shahin; Samet Öztürk

doi:10.38088/jise.1531963

EN

Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University

Abstract

Bursa Technical University (BTU) is committed to achieving sustainability goals and has taken significant steps in this direction. This study was conducted in accordance with the emission factors of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the conversion factors of the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). The study was carried out in line with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14064 and ISO 14001 standards and in harmony with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), drawing on the experiences of five Turkish universities. This paper provides detailed information on BTU's carbon footprint calculation methodology, the standards used, and its alignment with the SDGs. The application of two distinct emission factors, those of EPA and DEFRA, yielded divergent carbon footprint (CF) values for BTU. The EPA approach yielded a value of 2697 tCO2e while the DEFRA-based assessment resulted in a lower CF of 1526 ton of CO2 equivalent (tCO2e). It is noted that most of the carbon emissions in the university is due to electricity consumption followed by natural gas usage. A prioritized action plan could be reducing the electricity consumption with automated lighting and laboratory equipment, subsequently increasing energy efficiency in the buildings.

Keywords

Thanks

We would like to thank the staff of Bursa Technical University for providing data support during the study.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Environmentally Sustainable Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Somaia Shahin
0009-0008-2708-5039
Türkiye

Samet Öztürk ^*
0000-0002-5969-1534
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

May 30, 2025

Publication Date

June 17, 2025

Submission Date

August 12, 2024

Acceptance Date

February 14, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 9 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.38088/jise.1531963

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA27HB46BC

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Shahin, S., & Öztürk, S. (2025). Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering, 9(1), 78-88. https://doi.org/10.38088/jise.1531963

AMA

1.Shahin S, Öztürk S. Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University. JISE. 2025;9(1):78-88. doi:10.38088/jise.1531963

Chicago

Shahin, Somaia, and Samet Öztürk. 2025. “Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University”. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering 9 (1): 78-88. https://doi.org/10.38088/jise.1531963.

EndNote

Shahin S, Öztürk S (June 1, 2025) Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering 9 1 78–88.

IEEE

[1]S. Shahin and S. Öztürk, “Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University”, JISE, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 78–88, June 2025, doi: 10.38088/jise.1531963.

ISNAD

Shahin, Somaia - Öztürk, Samet. “Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University”. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering 9/1 (June 1, 2025): 78-88. https://doi.org/10.38088/jise.1531963.

JAMA

1.Shahin S, Öztürk S. Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University. JISE. 2025;9:78–88.

MLA

Shahin, Somaia, and Samet Öztürk. “Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University”. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering, vol. 9, no. 1, June 2025, pp. 78-88, doi:10.38088/jise.1531963.

Vancouver

1.Somaia Shahin, Samet Öztürk. Comprehensive Carbon Footprint Assessment Using EPA and DEFRA: A Case Study of Bursa Technical University. JISE. 2025 Jun. 1;9(1):78-8. doi:10.38088/jise.1531963