Research Article
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Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 21, 08.06.2022

Yunus Emre Özpolat , Yusuf Ali Kara

https://doi.org/10.38088/jise.929723

Abstract

References

  • [1] Xiaodong C., Xilei D., Junjie L. (2016). Building energy-consumption status worldwide and the state-of-the-art technologies for zero-energy buildings during the past decade. Energy and Buildings, 128: 198-213.
  • [2] Shilei L., Yuwei L., Hongwei X. (2018). Study on the configuration and operation optimization of CCHP coupling multiple energy system. Energy Conversion and Management, 177: 773-791.
  • [3] Islam S.M. (2018). A techno-economic feasibility analysis of hybrid renewable energy supply options for a grid-connected large office building in southeastern part of France. Sustainable Cities and Society, 38: 492-508.
  • [4] Minjin K., Taehoon H., Changyoon J., Hyuna K., Minhyun L. (2020). Development of building driven-energy payback time for energy transition of building renewable energy systems. Applied Energy, 271: 115-162.
  • [5] Asdrubali F., Ballarini I., Corrado V., Evangelisti L., Grazieschi G., Guattari C. (2019). Energy and environmental payback times for an NZEB retrofit. Building and Environment, 147: 461-472.
  • [6] Brys K., Brys T., Sayegh M.A., Ojrzynska H. (2018). Subsurface shallow depth soil layers thermal potential for ground heat pumps in Poland. Energy & Buildings, 165: 64-75.
  • [7] Kavanaugh S., Rafferty K. (2014). Geothermal Heating and Cooling Design of Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems. ASHRAE, Atalanta, RP-1674, 420 p. ISBN 978-1-936504-85-5.
  • [8] The European Commission’s science and knowledge service. Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS). https://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvg_tools/en/#PVP. Access date November 8, 2020.
  • [9] Kalogirou S.A. (2014). Solar Economic Analysis, Solar Energy Engineering Processes and Systems. Elsevier, Oxford, UK. pp. 701-734. ISBN-13: 978-0-12-397270-5.
  • [10] Central Bank of Republic of Turkey Press Release on Summary of the Monetary Policy Commite meeting 2018-12 https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/tr/tcmb+tr/main+menu/duyurular/basin/2018/duy2018-12. Access date November 8, 2020.
  • [11] Central Bank of Republic of Turkey Press Release on Interest Rates 2018-10 https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/tr/tcmb+tr/main+menu/duyurular/basin/2018/duy2018-10. Access date November 8, 2020.
  • [12] Soltani M., Chahartaghi M., Hashemian S.M., Shojaei A.F. (2020). Technical and economic evaluations of combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system with gas engine in commercial cold storages. Energy Conversion and Management, 214: 112877.
  • [13] Yingjun R., Qingrong L., Weiguo Z., Firestone R., Weijun G., Toshiyuki W. (2009). Optimal option of distributed generation technologies for various commercial buildings. Applied Energy, 86: 1641-1653.
  • [14] Mingzhi Y., Zhang K., Xizhong C., Aijuan H., Ping C., Zhaohong F. (2016). Zoning operation of multiple borehole ground heat exchangers to alleviate the ground thermal accumulation caused by unbalanced seasonal loads. Energy and Buildings, 110: 345-352.
  • [15] Leckner M., Zmeureanu R. (2011). Life cycle cost and energy analysis of a Net Zero Energy House with solar combisystem. Applied Energy, 88: 232-241.
  • [16] Berggren B., Hall M., Wall M. (2013). LCE analysis of buildings – Taking the step towards Net Zero Energy Buildings. Energy and Buildings, 62: 381-391.
  • [17] Rosiek S., Batlles F.J. (2013). Renewable energy solutions for building cooling, heating and power systems installed in an institutional building. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 26: 147-168.
  • [18] Pertzborn A. (2013). The Design of Hybrid Cooling Tower Heat Pump Systems, PhD Thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA. 295 p.

Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 21, 08.06.2022

Yunus Emre Özpolat , Yusuf Ali Kara

https://doi.org/10.38088/jise.929723

Abstract

As a result of economic and political requirements, renewable energy investments are supported with various incentives all over the world, while fossil fuel systems are restricted by regulations. This article aims to make conventional heating, cooling and power systems more efficient or to develop an alternative system based on renewable energy by modeling an office building. Considering three scenarios - classical heating-cooling system, combined cooling-heating-power system and zero energy building, the test building’s energy estimation analysis and life-cycle cost analysis have been conducted and 3 different sub-scenarios for renewable energy scenarios have been generated. As a result of the Hourly Analysis Program (HAP), the building’s cooling design load was found to be 742.7 kW, and the heating design load was 439.8 kW. The required borehole length for ground source heat pump is determined as 20,371 m for cooling and 9,137 m for heating, while the heat is discharged into the borehole with a rate of -44.3 W / m and extracted with a rate of 34 W / m. Annual energy generation of the photovoltaic plant was determined as 607.639 kWh and installed power of for this plant was calculated as 463 kWp. Lifecycle cost analyses were performed by using P1-P2 method and according to the calculations, the payback period for the extra investment cost is 37 months for the combined cooling-heating-power plant, whereas it is 94 months for the improved zero energy building design. Similarly, the payback period for the full investment cost is determined as 58 months for the combined cooling-heating-power plant, and 127 months for the improved zero energy building design. As a result, a hybrid zero energy building (air source condenser + ground source heat pump, photovoltaic panels) is proposed as the best design option for the office building identity.

Keywords

Life cycle cost analysis Zero energy building Combined cooling heating power Vertical borehole Photovoltaic Hourly analysis program

References

  • [1] Xiaodong C., Xilei D., Junjie L. (2016). Building energy-consumption status worldwide and the state-of-the-art technologies for zero-energy buildings during the past decade. Energy and Buildings, 128: 198-213.
  • [2] Shilei L., Yuwei L., Hongwei X. (2018). Study on the configuration and operation optimization of CCHP coupling multiple energy system. Energy Conversion and Management, 177: 773-791.
  • [3] Islam S.M. (2018). A techno-economic feasibility analysis of hybrid renewable energy supply options for a grid-connected large office building in southeastern part of France. Sustainable Cities and Society, 38: 492-508.
  • [4] Minjin K., Taehoon H., Changyoon J., Hyuna K., Minhyun L. (2020). Development of building driven-energy payback time for energy transition of building renewable energy systems. Applied Energy, 271: 115-162.
  • [5] Asdrubali F., Ballarini I., Corrado V., Evangelisti L., Grazieschi G., Guattari C. (2019). Energy and environmental payback times for an NZEB retrofit. Building and Environment, 147: 461-472.
  • [6] Brys K., Brys T., Sayegh M.A., Ojrzynska H. (2018). Subsurface shallow depth soil layers thermal potential for ground heat pumps in Poland. Energy & Buildings, 165: 64-75.
  • [7] Kavanaugh S., Rafferty K. (2014). Geothermal Heating and Cooling Design of Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems. ASHRAE, Atalanta, RP-1674, 420 p. ISBN 978-1-936504-85-5.
  • [8] The European Commission’s science and knowledge service. Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS). https://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvg_tools/en/#PVP. Access date November 8, 2020.
  • [9] Kalogirou S.A. (2014). Solar Economic Analysis, Solar Energy Engineering Processes and Systems. Elsevier, Oxford, UK. pp. 701-734. ISBN-13: 978-0-12-397270-5.
  • [10] Central Bank of Republic of Turkey Press Release on Summary of the Monetary Policy Commite meeting 2018-12 https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/tr/tcmb+tr/main+menu/duyurular/basin/2018/duy2018-12. Access date November 8, 2020.
  • [11] Central Bank of Republic of Turkey Press Release on Interest Rates 2018-10 https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/tr/tcmb+tr/main+menu/duyurular/basin/2018/duy2018-10. Access date November 8, 2020.
  • [12] Soltani M., Chahartaghi M., Hashemian S.M., Shojaei A.F. (2020). Technical and economic evaluations of combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system with gas engine in commercial cold storages. Energy Conversion and Management, 214: 112877.
  • [13] Yingjun R., Qingrong L., Weiguo Z., Firestone R., Weijun G., Toshiyuki W. (2009). Optimal option of distributed generation technologies for various commercial buildings. Applied Energy, 86: 1641-1653.
  • [14] Mingzhi Y., Zhang K., Xizhong C., Aijuan H., Ping C., Zhaohong F. (2016). Zoning operation of multiple borehole ground heat exchangers to alleviate the ground thermal accumulation caused by unbalanced seasonal loads. Energy and Buildings, 110: 345-352.
  • [15] Leckner M., Zmeureanu R. (2011). Life cycle cost and energy analysis of a Net Zero Energy House with solar combisystem. Applied Energy, 88: 232-241.
  • [16] Berggren B., Hall M., Wall M. (2013). LCE analysis of buildings – Taking the step towards Net Zero Energy Buildings. Energy and Buildings, 62: 381-391.
  • [17] Rosiek S., Batlles F.J. (2013). Renewable energy solutions for building cooling, heating and power systems installed in an institutional building. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 26: 147-168.
  • [18] Pertzborn A. (2013). The Design of Hybrid Cooling Tower Heat Pump Systems, PhD Thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA. 295 p.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Yunus Emre Özpolat 0000-0001-7004-7056

Yusuf Ali Kara 0000-0001-5598-7293

Early Pub Date February 22, 2022
Publication Date June 8, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özpolat, Y. E., & Kara, Y. A. (2022). Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering, 6(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.38088/jise.929723
AMA Özpolat YE, Kara YA. Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings. JISE. June 2022;6(1):1-21. doi:10.38088/jise.929723
Chicago Özpolat, Yunus Emre, and Yusuf Ali Kara. “Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings”. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering 6, no. 1 (June 2022): 1-21. https://doi.org/10.38088/jise.929723.
EndNote Özpolat YE, Kara YA (June 1, 2022) Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering 6 1 1–21.
IEEE Y. E. Özpolat and Y. A. Kara, “Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings”, JISE, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–21, 2022, doi: 10.38088/jise.929723.
ISNAD Özpolat, Yunus Emre - Kara, Yusuf Ali. “Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings”. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering 6/1 (June 2022), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.38088/jise.929723.
JAMA Özpolat YE, Kara YA. Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings. JISE. 2022;6:1–21.
MLA Özpolat, Yunus Emre and Yusuf Ali Kara. “Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings”. Journal of Innovative Science and Engineering, vol. 6, no. 1, 2022, pp. 1-21, doi:10.38088/jise.929723.
Vancouver Özpolat YE, Kara YA. Assessment of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems for Office Buildings. JISE. 2022;6(1):1-21.
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