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UNIVERSITY STUDENTS VIEWS ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 8, 157 - 179, 28.08.2021

Yusuf Kalkan Adnan Kalkan

Öz

Especially in the period when global unemployment among young people is increasing, the importance of entrepreneurship becomes evident in the works carried out to create employment. In this study, a research was conducted to understand the order of importance of the qualifications that should be in an entrepreneur among students who continue their higher education. This research aims to reveal the general perspectives and views of third year students taking an entrepreneurship course in Management Information Systems department on entrepreneurship. In this prepared study, the general ideas and opinions of the students on entrepreneurship were explained. As a data collection tool, open and closed-ended questionnaires were used and these questionnaires were applied to the students in Management Information Systems, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University. It should be considered a successful entrepreneur features in Turkey include foresight, respectively, while the self-confidence and be patient; lack of business plans and insufficient capital were among the underlying reasons for entrepreneurs' failure, respectively. The proportion of students as a new opportunity entrepreneurship in Turkey was 85.7 percent and the percentage of blind as a new opportunity was 13.2. The proportion of students entrepreneurship as a career opportunity in Turkey was 86.8 percent and the percentage of 11 was realized as blind as a career opportunity. The rate of students not recommend one close him for entrepreneurs in Turkey is 76.4 percent, while that proportion of students recommend them has been 16.5 percent. It was also observed that there was no significant difference between female and male students to those answers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurial Characteristics Causes of Failure

Kaynakça

  • Ağca, V., Yörük, D. (2006). Bağımsız girişimcilik ve iç girişimcilik arasındaki farklar: kavramsal bir çerçeve. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 8(2), 155-173.
  • Baker, T., Aldrich, H., Langton, N., Cliff, J.E. (1997). Tempered by the flame: what do entrepreneurs learn from failure? Paper presented at the Academy of Management, Boston, MA.
  • Ballı, A. (2017). Girişimcilik ve girişimci tipolojileri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(29), 143-166.
  • Battılana, J., Leca, B. And Boxenbaum, E. (2009). How actors change ınstitutions: towards a theory of ınstitutional entrepreneurship. The Academy of Management Annals, 3(1), 65–107.
  • Baumol, W. J. (1990). Entrepreneurship: productive, unproductive and destructive. Journal of Political Economy, 98 (5.1), 893-921.
  • Cardon, M. S., Stevens, C. E. And Potter D. R. (2011). Misfortunes or mistakes? cultural sensemaking of entrepreneurial failure. Journal of Business Venturing, 26, 79–92.
  • Carter, S., Wilton, W., (2006). Don't blame the entrepreneur, blame the government: the centrality of the government in enterprise development: lessons from enterprise failure in zimbabwe. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 14, 65–84.
  • Cooper, S., Bottomley, C. and Gordon, J. (2004). Stepping out of the classroom and up the ladder of learning: an experiential learning approach to entrepreneurship education. Industry and Higher Education, 18(1), 11-22.
  • Corbett, A.C., Neck, H.M., Detienne, D.R. (2007). How corporate entrepreneurs learn from fledgling innovation initiatives: cognition and the development of a termination script. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31, 829–852.
  • Damar, A. (2015). Girişimci kişilik özelliklerinin öğrencilerin girişimcilik eğilimlerine etkisi: sannio üniversitesi ve selçuk üniversitesi’nde karşılaştırmalı bir araştırma. Yüksek lisans tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Eckhardt J. T., Shane S A. (2003). Opportunities and entrepreneurship. Journal of Management, 29(3) 333–349.
  • Educations.com, (2021). Entrepreneurship Degrees Abroad. Erişim Tarihi: 29 Nisan 2021, https://www.educations.com/search/entrepreneurship
  • Fogel, G. (2001). An analysis of entrepreneurial environment and enterprise development in hungary. Journal of Small Business Management, 39(1), 103-109.
  • Frank, A.I. (2007). Entrepreneurship and enterprise skills: a missing element of planning education, Planning Practice and Research, 22(4), 635-648.
  • Freytag, A. and Thurik, R. (2007). Entrepreneurship and its determinants in a cross-country setting, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 17(2), 117-131.
  • Gartner, W.B. (1990). What are we talking about when we talk about entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 5, 15–28.
  • Gorman G., Hanlon D. and King W. (1997). Some research perspectives on entrepreneurship education, enterprise education and education for small business management: a ten-year literature review, International Small Business Journal, 15(3), 56-77.
  • Hayward, M., La Shepherd, D.A., Griffin, D. (2006). A hubris theory of entrepreneurship. Management Science, 52, 160–172.
  • Hisrich, R. D. & Peters, M. P. (2002). Entrepreneurship, 5th Ed., New York: Mcgraw-Hill/Irwin.
  • Iversen J., Jørgensen R. and Møller N. M. (2008). Defining and measuring entrepreneurship. Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship,4(1), 1-63.
  • Keskin, S. (2018). Yeni girişimcilerin başarısızlık nedenlerinin analizi: ampirik bir çalışma. Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1), 147-158.
  • Kirby D.A. and Humayun H. (2013). Outcomes of an entrepreneurship education programme: an empirical study in Egypt, International Journal of Management, 30(3/1), 23-35.
  • Laal M. (2011). Lifelong learning: what does it mean?. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 28, 470–474.
  • Lazear E. P. (2005). Entrepreneurship. Journal of Labor Economics, 23(4), 649-680.
  • Macdonald, J.L. (1985). The traits and characteristics of woman entrepreneurs: criteria for predicting success in business management. ProQuest dissertations and theses, University of Microfilms International, University of Wyoming, Laramie.
  • Mcgrath, R.G., Cardon, M.S. (1997). Entrepreneurship and the functionality of failure. Paper presented at the Seventh Annual Global Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Montreal, Canada.
  • Mcgrath, R.G. (1999). Falling forward: real options reasoning and entrepreneurial failure. Academy of Management Journal, 24, 13–30.
  • Michael, S.C., Combs, J.G. (2008). Entrepreneurial failure: the case of franchisees. Journal Of Small Business Management, 46, 73–90.
  • Milius, P. and Sarkiene, J. (2008). Entrepreneurship training for innovative start-ups: the KTC case, in van der Sijde, P., Annemarie Ridder, A., Blaauw, G. and Diensberg, C. (Eds), Teaching Entrepreneurship, Physica-Verlag HD, Heidelberg, 23-33.
  • Muir, C. (2007). Knowing when to quit: do optimism and overconfidence cloud inventor judgment?. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 21, 78–80.
  • Narayan D. (2000). Voices of the poor: can anyone hear us?. World Bank Publications.
  • Odewale G. T., Hani Sh Abd, Migiro S. O., Adeyeye P. O. (2019). Entrepreneurship education and students’ views on self-employment among ınternational postgraduate students ın unıvercity utara Malaysia, Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 22(1), 1-15.
  • Ratten V. (2017). Entrepreneurial universities: the role of communities, people and places. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 11(03), 310-315.
  • Ratten V. and Jones P. (2021). Entrepreneurship and management education: exploring trends and gaps. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 1-7.
  • Sánchez P. P. I., Maldonado C. J., Velasco A. P., Kokash H. (2015). Impact of entrepreneurship programmes on university students, Education and Training, 58(2), 209-228.
  • Scanlan, T.J. and Flexman, N.A. (1980). A new approach to educating entrepreneurs. Journal of the American Vocational Association, 55(5), 28-30.
  • Sezen-Gultekin G., Gur-Erdogan D. (2016). The relationship and effect between lifelong learning tendencies and social entrepreneurship characteristics of prospective teachers. The Anthropologist, 24(1), 113–118.
  • Sitkin, S.B. (Ed.), (1992). Learning through failure: the strategy of small losses. Greenwich: JAI Press.
  • Staw, B.M., Barsade, S.G., (1993). Affect and managerial performance: a test of the sadder-but-wider versus happier-and-smarter hypotheses. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38, 304–331.
  • Stough R. R. (2016). Entrepreneurship and regional economic development: some reflections, Journal of Regional Research Investigaciones Regionales, 36, 129-150.
  • Sutter C., Bruton G. D., Chen J. (2019). Entrepreneurship as a solution to extreme poverty: a review andfuture research directions, Journal of Business Venturing, 34, 197–214.
  • Tanrısever, N. H. (2004). AB’de girişimciliğin teşvik edilmesi için izlenen politikalar ve Türkiye’deki politikaların AB uygulamalarına uyumu, AB Genel Sekreterliği Sektörel ve Bölgesel Politikalar Dairesi Uzmanlık Tezi, Ankara.
  • Ucbasaran, D., Westhead, P., Wright, M. (2006). Habitual entrepreneurs experiencing failure: overconfidence and the motivation to try again. In: Wiklund, J., Dimov, D., Katz, J.A., Shepherd, D.A. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship: Frameworks and Empirical Investigations from Forthcoming Leaders of European Research. Emerald Group Publishing.
  • Vaillant, Y., Lafuente, E. (2007). Do different institutional frameworks condition the influence of local fear of failure and entrepreneurial examples over entrepreneurial activity?. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 19, 313-337.
  • Van Gelder, J.-L., De Vries, R.E., Frese, M., Goutbeek, J.-P. (2007). Differences in psychological strategies of failed and operational business owners in the Fiji Islands. Journal of Small Business Management, 45, 388–400.
  • Wood, R., Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of Management Review, 14, 361–384.
  • Yanchus, N., Shaver, K.G., Gatewood, E.J., Gartner, W.B. (2003). Entrepreneurial persistence: A 3-year longitudinal study. Working paper, College of William & Mary.

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Girişimcilik Üzerine Görüşleri

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 8, 157 - 179, 28.08.2021

Yusuf Kalkan Adnan Kalkan

Öz

Özellikle gençler arasında küresel işsizliğin arttığı dönemde istihdam yaratmak için yapılan çalışmalarda girişimciliğin önemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yüksek öğrenime devam eden öğrenciler arasında bir girişimcide olması gereken vasıfların önem sırasını anlamak için araştırma yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı; Girişimcilik dersi alan Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri bölümü üçüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin girişimcilik konusundaki genel bakış açılarını ve görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Hazırlanan bu çalışmada öğrencilerin girişimcilik konusundaki genel fikir ve görüşleri açıklanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak açık ve kapalı uçlu soru formu kullanılmış ve bu soru formları Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi’nin Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri bölümü öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Türkiye’de başarılı bir girişimcide olması gerektiği düşünülen özellikler arasında sırasıyla ileri görüşlülük, özgüven ve sabırlı olmak yer alırken; girişimcilerin başarısız olmalarının altında yatan nedenler arasında ise sırasıyla iş planının olmaması ve yeterli sermayenin olmaması yer almıştır. Türkiye’de girişimciliği yeni bir fırsat olarak gören öğrencilerin oranı %85,7 iken yeni bir fırsat olarak görmeyenlerin oranı ise %13,2 olmuştur. Türkiye’de girişimciliği bir kariyer fırsatı olarak gören öğrencilerin oranı %86,8 iken kariyer fırsatı olarak görmeyenlerin oranı ise %11 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Öğrencilerin %76,4’ü yakınlarından birine Türkiye’de girişimci olmayı tavsiye ederken tavsiye etmeyecek öğrencilerin oranı ise %16,5 olmuştur. Verilen bu cevaplara kız ve erkek öğrenciler arasında anlamlı bir farkın olmadığı da görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Girişimcilik Girişimcilik Özellikleri Başarısızlık Nedenleri

Kaynakça

  • Ağca, V., Yörük, D. (2006). Bağımsız girişimcilik ve iç girişimcilik arasındaki farklar: kavramsal bir çerçeve. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 8(2), 155-173.
  • Baker, T., Aldrich, H., Langton, N., Cliff, J.E. (1997). Tempered by the flame: what do entrepreneurs learn from failure? Paper presented at the Academy of Management, Boston, MA.
  • Ballı, A. (2017). Girişimcilik ve girişimci tipolojileri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(29), 143-166.
  • Battılana, J., Leca, B. And Boxenbaum, E. (2009). How actors change ınstitutions: towards a theory of ınstitutional entrepreneurship. The Academy of Management Annals, 3(1), 65–107.
  • Baumol, W. J. (1990). Entrepreneurship: productive, unproductive and destructive. Journal of Political Economy, 98 (5.1), 893-921.
  • Cardon, M. S., Stevens, C. E. And Potter D. R. (2011). Misfortunes or mistakes? cultural sensemaking of entrepreneurial failure. Journal of Business Venturing, 26, 79–92.
  • Carter, S., Wilton, W., (2006). Don't blame the entrepreneur, blame the government: the centrality of the government in enterprise development: lessons from enterprise failure in zimbabwe. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 14, 65–84.
  • Cooper, S., Bottomley, C. and Gordon, J. (2004). Stepping out of the classroom and up the ladder of learning: an experiential learning approach to entrepreneurship education. Industry and Higher Education, 18(1), 11-22.
  • Corbett, A.C., Neck, H.M., Detienne, D.R. (2007). How corporate entrepreneurs learn from fledgling innovation initiatives: cognition and the development of a termination script. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31, 829–852.
  • Damar, A. (2015). Girişimci kişilik özelliklerinin öğrencilerin girişimcilik eğilimlerine etkisi: sannio üniversitesi ve selçuk üniversitesi’nde karşılaştırmalı bir araştırma. Yüksek lisans tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Eckhardt J. T., Shane S A. (2003). Opportunities and entrepreneurship. Journal of Management, 29(3) 333–349.
  • Educations.com, (2021). Entrepreneurship Degrees Abroad. Erişim Tarihi: 29 Nisan 2021, https://www.educations.com/search/entrepreneurship
  • Fogel, G. (2001). An analysis of entrepreneurial environment and enterprise development in hungary. Journal of Small Business Management, 39(1), 103-109.
  • Frank, A.I. (2007). Entrepreneurship and enterprise skills: a missing element of planning education, Planning Practice and Research, 22(4), 635-648.
  • Freytag, A. and Thurik, R. (2007). Entrepreneurship and its determinants in a cross-country setting, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 17(2), 117-131.
  • Gartner, W.B. (1990). What are we talking about when we talk about entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 5, 15–28.
  • Gorman G., Hanlon D. and King W. (1997). Some research perspectives on entrepreneurship education, enterprise education and education for small business management: a ten-year literature review, International Small Business Journal, 15(3), 56-77.
  • Hayward, M., La Shepherd, D.A., Griffin, D. (2006). A hubris theory of entrepreneurship. Management Science, 52, 160–172.
  • Hisrich, R. D. & Peters, M. P. (2002). Entrepreneurship, 5th Ed., New York: Mcgraw-Hill/Irwin.
  • Iversen J., Jørgensen R. and Møller N. M. (2008). Defining and measuring entrepreneurship. Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship,4(1), 1-63.
  • Keskin, S. (2018). Yeni girişimcilerin başarısızlık nedenlerinin analizi: ampirik bir çalışma. Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1), 147-158.
  • Kirby D.A. and Humayun H. (2013). Outcomes of an entrepreneurship education programme: an empirical study in Egypt, International Journal of Management, 30(3/1), 23-35.
  • Laal M. (2011). Lifelong learning: what does it mean?. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 28, 470–474.
  • Lazear E. P. (2005). Entrepreneurship. Journal of Labor Economics, 23(4), 649-680.
  • Macdonald, J.L. (1985). The traits and characteristics of woman entrepreneurs: criteria for predicting success in business management. ProQuest dissertations and theses, University of Microfilms International, University of Wyoming, Laramie.
  • Mcgrath, R.G., Cardon, M.S. (1997). Entrepreneurship and the functionality of failure. Paper presented at the Seventh Annual Global Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Montreal, Canada.
  • Mcgrath, R.G. (1999). Falling forward: real options reasoning and entrepreneurial failure. Academy of Management Journal, 24, 13–30.
  • Michael, S.C., Combs, J.G. (2008). Entrepreneurial failure: the case of franchisees. Journal Of Small Business Management, 46, 73–90.
  • Milius, P. and Sarkiene, J. (2008). Entrepreneurship training for innovative start-ups: the KTC case, in van der Sijde, P., Annemarie Ridder, A., Blaauw, G. and Diensberg, C. (Eds), Teaching Entrepreneurship, Physica-Verlag HD, Heidelberg, 23-33.
  • Muir, C. (2007). Knowing when to quit: do optimism and overconfidence cloud inventor judgment?. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 21, 78–80.
  • Narayan D. (2000). Voices of the poor: can anyone hear us?. World Bank Publications.
  • Odewale G. T., Hani Sh Abd, Migiro S. O., Adeyeye P. O. (2019). Entrepreneurship education and students’ views on self-employment among ınternational postgraduate students ın unıvercity utara Malaysia, Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 22(1), 1-15.
  • Ratten V. (2017). Entrepreneurial universities: the role of communities, people and places. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 11(03), 310-315.
  • Ratten V. and Jones P. (2021). Entrepreneurship and management education: exploring trends and gaps. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 1-7.
  • Sánchez P. P. I., Maldonado C. J., Velasco A. P., Kokash H. (2015). Impact of entrepreneurship programmes on university students, Education and Training, 58(2), 209-228.
  • Scanlan, T.J. and Flexman, N.A. (1980). A new approach to educating entrepreneurs. Journal of the American Vocational Association, 55(5), 28-30.
  • Sezen-Gultekin G., Gur-Erdogan D. (2016). The relationship and effect between lifelong learning tendencies and social entrepreneurship characteristics of prospective teachers. The Anthropologist, 24(1), 113–118.
  • Sitkin, S.B. (Ed.), (1992). Learning through failure: the strategy of small losses. Greenwich: JAI Press.
  • Staw, B.M., Barsade, S.G., (1993). Affect and managerial performance: a test of the sadder-but-wider versus happier-and-smarter hypotheses. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38, 304–331.
  • Stough R. R. (2016). Entrepreneurship and regional economic development: some reflections, Journal of Regional Research Investigaciones Regionales, 36, 129-150.
  • Sutter C., Bruton G. D., Chen J. (2019). Entrepreneurship as a solution to extreme poverty: a review andfuture research directions, Journal of Business Venturing, 34, 197–214.
  • Tanrısever, N. H. (2004). AB’de girişimciliğin teşvik edilmesi için izlenen politikalar ve Türkiye’deki politikaların AB uygulamalarına uyumu, AB Genel Sekreterliği Sektörel ve Bölgesel Politikalar Dairesi Uzmanlık Tezi, Ankara.
  • Ucbasaran, D., Westhead, P., Wright, M. (2006). Habitual entrepreneurs experiencing failure: overconfidence and the motivation to try again. In: Wiklund, J., Dimov, D., Katz, J.A., Shepherd, D.A. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship: Frameworks and Empirical Investigations from Forthcoming Leaders of European Research. Emerald Group Publishing.
  • Vaillant, Y., Lafuente, E. (2007). Do different institutional frameworks condition the influence of local fear of failure and entrepreneurial examples over entrepreneurial activity?. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 19, 313-337.
  • Van Gelder, J.-L., De Vries, R.E., Frese, M., Goutbeek, J.-P. (2007). Differences in psychological strategies of failed and operational business owners in the Fiji Islands. Journal of Small Business Management, 45, 388–400.
  • Wood, R., Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of Management Review, 14, 361–384.
  • Yanchus, N., Shaver, K.G., Gatewood, E.J., Gartner, W.B. (2003). Entrepreneurial persistence: A 3-year longitudinal study. Working paper, College of William & Mary.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Yusuf Kalkan 0000-0003-4246-8624

Adnan Kalkan 0000-0002-2270-4100

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Ağustos 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Temmuz 2021
Kabul Tarihi 24 Ağustos 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 8

Kaynak Göster

APA Kalkan, Y., & Kalkan, A. (2021). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Girişimcilik Üzerine Görüşleri. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management Inquiries, 5(8), 157-179.
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