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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM: AN EARLY WARNING SYSTEM SUPPORTING MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 46 Sayı: 5, 1313 - 1330, 05.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD21105

Öz

Nowadays, foodborne outbreaks still affect millions and kill thousands of people despite implementation of food safety management systems and legal obligations in many countries. Foodborne illness also cause large-scale recalls, reduced market demand, and consumers loss of confidence in food products. Food safety and quality are endangered since microbiological contamination by various pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in production environment. Microorganisms, generally introduced into the food environment through raw materials, pests, air, water, employees, can survive in food processing environments. The combination of microbiological monitoring of both food products and the production environment is critical to ensuring food safety and quality. Environmental monitoring program (EMP) is a monitoring program that allows evaluate the effectiveness of general hygiene practices and control programs to prevent possible microbial contamination of food. In this review, scientific models are given for food sector by combination the EMP methodology and existing research studies in literature.

Kaynakça

  • Adley, C. C., Ryan, M. P. (2016). The nature and extent of foodborne disease. In Antimicrobial food packaging. Academic Press, the UK, pp. 1-10.
  • Almond Board of California, (2009). Pathogen environmental monitoring program (PEM). https://www.almonds.com/sites/default/files/pem_book.pdf (Accessed: 03.07.2021)
  • ANSES, (2020). Avis révisé de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation,de l’environnement et du travail relatif à la filière de production des préparations en poudre pour nourrissons. (pp. 1-74).
  • Acciari, V. A., Iannetti, L., Gattuso, A., Sonnessa, M., Scavia, G., Montagna, C., ... & Gianfranceschi, M. V. (2016). Tracing sources of Listeria contamination in traditional Italian cheese associated with a US outbreak: investigations in Italy. Epidemiol. Infect., 144 (13): 2719-2727.
  • Beno, S. M., Stasiewicz, M. J., Andrus, A. D., Ralyea, R. D., Kent, D. J., Martin, N. H., ... & Boor, K. J. (2016). Development and validation of pathogen environmental monitoring programs for small cheese processing facilities. J. Food Prot., 79(12): 2095-2106.
  • Cappitelli, F., Polo, A., Villa, F. (2014). Biofilm formation in food processing environments is still poorly understood and controlled. Food Eng. Rev., 6: 29-42.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (2016). Foodborne germs and illnesses. https://www. cdc. gov/foodsafety/foodborne germs (Accessed: 06.04.2021)
  • CDC, (2016). Keeping America Safe From Health Threats New And Old. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/p1214-2016-EOY-dpk.html (Accessed: 03.07.2021)
  • Cinar, A., Onbaşı, E. (2020). Monitoring environmental microbiological safety in a frozen fruit and vegetable plant. Food Sci. Technol (Campinas), 41, 232-237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.10420.
  • Channaiah, L. (2013). Environmental monitoring program: an early warning system for microbiological hazards. https://www.aibinternational.com/aibonline_/www.aibonline.org/newsletter/Magazine/Nov_Dec2013/EPMEarlyWarningHazards.pdf (Accessed: 12.06.2021)
  • Chapin, T. K., Nightingale, K. K., Worobo, R. W., Wiedmann, M., & Strawn, L. K. (2014). Geographical and meteorological factors associated with isolation of Listeria species in New York State produce production and natural environments. J. Food Prot., 77(11): 1919-1928. doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-132.
  • EFSA-ECDC, (2019). The European Union One Health 2018 Zoonoses Report. EFSA J. 17: 1–276.
  • EN 17141:2020. Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments – Biocontamination control (for final approval prior to publication). https://www.en-standard.eu/bs-en-17141-2020-cleanrooms-and-associated-controlled-environments-biocontamination-control/. (Accessed: 12.06.2021)
  • FDA. (2017). Draft guidance for industry: Control of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods (FDA-2008-D-0096). https://www.fda.gov/media/102633/download (Accessed 11.05.2021)
  • FDA, (2021). Recalls, Market Withdrawals, & Safety Alerts. https://www.fda.gov/safety/recalls-market-withdrawals-safety-alerts. (Accessed 02.06.2021)
  • FIL/IDF. (2020). Processing environment monitoring. https://www.fil-idf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/IDF-factsheet-Processing-Environment.pdf (Accessed 02.06.2021)
  • Fukushima, K. (2019). Mandatory implementation of HACCP-based food hygiene control. FOOD HYG SAFE SCI, 60 (5): 108-111.
  • Hoffmann, S., Scallan, E. (2017). Epidemiology, cost, and risk analysis of foodborne disease. In Foodborne Diseases, Academic Press, the UK, pp. 1-10.
  • Hasnan, N. Z. N., Mohd Ramli, S. H. (2020). Modernizing the preparation of the Malaysian mixed rice dish (MRD) with Cook-Chill Central Kitchen and implementation of HACCP. Int. J. Gastron. Food Sci., 19: 100193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2019.100193
  • ISO 7218:2007, (2007). Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs — General requirements and guidance for microbiological examinations. https://www.iso.org/standard/64950.html (Accessed 02.06.2021)
  • ISO 18593:2018, (2018). Microbiology of the food chain — Horizontal methods for surface sampling. https://www.iso.org/standard/64950.html (Accessed 02.06.2021)
  • Jemmi, T., Stephan. R. 2006. Listeria monocytogenes: Food-borne pathogen and hygiene indicator. REV SCI TECH OIE, 25(2): 571–580.
  • Jones, G., de la Gandara, M. P., Herrera-Leon, L., Herrera-Leon, S., Martinez, C. V., Hureaux-Roy, R., ... & Jourdan-Da Silva, N. (2019). Outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Poona in infants linked to persistent Salmonella contamination in an infant formula manufacturing facility, France, August 2018 to February 2019. Eurosurveillance, 24(13): 1900161.
  • Jung, J., Bir, C., Widmar, N. O., & Sayal, P. (2021). Initial Reports of Foodborne Illness Drive More Public Attention Than Do Food Recall Announcements. J. Food Prot., 84(7): 1150-1159.
  • Kase, J. A., Zhang, G., & Chen, Y. (2017). Recent foodborne outbreaks in the United States linked to a typical vehicles lessons learned. Curr. Opin. Food Sci., 18: 56-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2017.10.014.</jrn>
  • Magdovitz, B. F., Gummalla, S., Thippareddi, H., & Harrison, M. A. (2020). Evaluating environmental monitoring protocols for Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in frozen food manufacturing facilities. J. Food Prot., 83(1): 172-187.
  • Mazaheri, T., Cervantes-Huamán, B. R., Bermúdez-Capdevila, M., Ripolles-Avila, C., & Rodríguez-Jerez, J. J. (2021). Listeria monocytogenes biofilms in the food industry: is the current hygiene program sufficient to combat the persistence of the pathogen? Microorganisms, 9(1): 181. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010181
  • Moldenhauer, J. E, (2014). Fundamentals of an environmental monitoring program. Technical report no. 13 (revised). Parenteral Drug Association, Bethesda, MD. https://store.pda.org/TableOfContents/TR13_TOC.pdf (Accessed 05.06.2021)
  • Mota, J. D. O., Boue, G., Prevost, H., Maillet, A., Jaffres, E., Maignien, T., ... & Federighi, M. (2021). Environmental monitoring program to support food microbiological safety and quality in food industries: a scoping review of the research and guidelines. Food Control, 130: 108283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108283
  • Muhterem-Uyar, M., Dalmasso, M., Bolocan, A. S., Hernandez, M., Kapetanakou, A. E., Kuchta, T., Manios, S. G., Melero, B., Minarovicovaa, J., Nicolau, A. I., Rovira, J., Skandamis, P. N., Jordan, K., Rodriguez-Lazaro, D., Stessl, B., & Wagner, M. (2015). Environmental sampling for Listeria monocytogenes control in food processing facilities reveals three contamination scenarios. Food Control, 51: 94-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.10.042
  • National Fisheries Institute, (2018). Ready-to-eat seafood pathogen control manual. Virginia, USA: https://www.aboutseafood.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/RTE-Manual-Second-edition-April-2018.pdf (Accessed 13.06.2021)
  • Oliver, S.P. (2019). Foodborne pathogens and disease special issue on the national and international PulseNet network. Foodborne Pathog Dis, 16(7):439-440.
  • Onbaşı, E. (2020). Keşkül üretiminde HACCP sistemi ve Çevresel İzleme Programının (ÇİP) uygulanması. Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Gıda Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bursa, Türkiye, 137 s.
  • Onmaz, N.E., Karadal, F., Hızlısoy, H. (2016). Gıda Güvenliği Açısından İndikatör Mikroorganizmalar. Turkiye Klinikleri J Food Hyg Technol, 2(3):64-8.
  • Özdemir, H. (2018). Ürün geri çağırma tüketicileri nasıl etkiler? Marka imajı ve satın alma davranışı üzerine bir araştırma. Third Sector Social Economic Review, 53 (3): 1198-1208.
  • Panghal, A., Chhikara, N., Sindhu, N., & Jaglan, S. (2018). Role of food safety management systems in safe food production: A review. J. Food Saf., 38(4): e12464. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12464
  • Rodríguez-Marval, M., Kendall, P.A., Belk, K.E., Sofos, J.N., (2010). Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes during reheating of frankfurters with hot water before consumption. Food Prot. Trends. 30:16e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-67.2.295
  • Russo, E. T., Biggerstaff, G., Hoekstra, R. M., Meyer, S., Patel, N., Miller, B., ... & Salmonella Agona Outbreak Investigation Team. (2013). A recurrent, multistate outbreak of Salmonella serotype Agona infections associated with dry, unsweetened cereal consumption, United States, 2008. J. Food Prot., 76(2): 227-230. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-209
  • Simmons, C. K., Wiedmann, M. (2018). Identification and classification of sampling sites for pathogen environmental monitoring programs for Listeria monocytogenes: Results from an expert elicitation. Food Microbiol, 75: 2-17.
  • Smith, A. M., Tau, N. P., Smouse, S. L., Allam, M., Ismail, A., Ramalwa, N. R., ... & Thomas, J. (2019). Outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes in South Africa, 2017–2018: laboratory activities and experiences associated with whole-genome sequencing analysis of isolates. Foodborne Pathog. Dis, 16(7): 524-530.
  • Spanu, C., & Jordan, K. (2020). Listeria monocytogenes environmental sampling program in ready‐to‐eat processing facilities: A practical approach. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf., 19(6): 2843-2861.
  • Swaminathan, B., & Gerner-Smidt, P. (2007). The epidemiology of human listeriosis. Microbes and Infection, 9: 1236-1243.
  • Thomas, J., Govender, N., McCarthy, K. M., Erasmus, L. K., Doyle, T. J., Allam, M., Ismail, A., Ramalwa, N., Sekwadi, P., Ntshoe, G., Shonhiwa, A., Essel, V., Tau, N., Smouse, S., Ngomane, H. M., Disenyeng, B., Page, N. A., Govender, N. P., Duse, A. G., Stewart, R., Thomas, T., Mahoney, D., Tourdjman, M., Disson, O., Thouvenot, P., Maury, M. M., Leclercq, A., Lecuit, M., Smith, A. M., & Blumberg, L. H. (2020). Outbreak of Listeriosis in South Africa Associated with Processed Meat. NEJM., 382(7): 632-643.
  • United Fresh Produce Association, (2018). Guidance on environmental monitoring and control of Listeria for the fresh produce industry second education. Washington: United Fresh Produce Association. https://www.centerforproducesafety.org/amass/documents/document/263/Listeria%20Guidance%20UFPA%202013.pdf (Accessed 17.06.2021).
  • U.S. Food and Drug Administration – FDA. (2015). FSMA final rule for preventive controls for human food. Current good manufacturing practice and hazard analysis and risk-based preventive controls for human food. Maryland: FDA. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-safety-modernization-act-fsma/fsma-final-rule-preventive-controls-human-food (Accessed 13.06.2021).
  • 3M, & Cornell University. (2019). Environmental monitoring handbook for the food and beverage industries. USA: 3M. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1684575O/environmental-monitoring-handbook.pdf (Accessed 10.06.2021)
  • Weigel, G. (2019). The true costs of food recalls. Smart sense food safety. Retrieved from: https://blog.smartsense.co/costs-of-food-recalls (Accessed 10.06.2021)
  • WHO. (2015). WHO Estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/199350/9789241565165_eng.pdf (Accessed 13.06.2021)
  • World Health Organisation (WHO, 2020). Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/food-safety (Accessed 13.06.2021)
  • Zacharski, K. A., Southern, M., Ryan, A., & Adley, C. C. (2018). Evaluation of an environmental monitoring program for the microbial safety of air and surfaces in a dairy plant environment. J. Food Prot., 81: 1108-1116.
  • Zoellner, C., Ceres, K., Ghezzi‐Kopel, K., Wiedmann, M., & Ivanek, R. (2018). Design elements of Listeria environmental monitoring programs in food processing facilities: A scoping review of research and guidance materials. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf, 17(5): 1156-1171.

ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 46 Sayı: 5, 1313 - 1330, 05.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD21105

Öz

Günümüzde, birçok ülkede gıda güvenliği sistemleri ve yasal zorunluluklar uygulanmasına rağmen gıda kaynaklı hastalık ve salgınlar milyonlarca insanı etkilemeye ve binlercesinin ölümüne sebep olmaya devam etmektedir. Gıda kaynaklı hastalıklar ayrıca büyük ölçekli geri çağırmalara, pazar talebinin azalmasına ve tüketicilerin gıda ürünlerine olan güveninin kaybolmasına neden olmaktadır. Gıda güvenliği, üretim ortamında bulunan çeşitli patojenik ve bozulmaya sebep olan mikroorganizmaların gıdaya kontaminasyonu yoluyla tehlikeye girmektedir. Mikroorganizmalar genellikle gıda ortamına hammadde, hava, su, çalışan personel ve zararlılar yoluyla girmekte ve gıda işleme ortamında hayatta kalıp çoğalabilmektedirler. Hem gıda ürünlerini hem de üretim ortamını mikrobiyolojik olarak izleme kombinasyonu, gıda güvenliğini ve kalitesini sağlamak için kritik öneme sahiptir. Çevresel izleme programı (ÇİP), bir tesisteki genel hijyen uygulamalarının ve kontrol programlarının etkinliğini değerlendirerek, gıda ürünlerinin olası mikrobiyel kontaminasyonunu önlemeyi sağlayan bir izleme programıdır. Bu derlemede ÇİP kurulum metodolojisi ve literatürde yer alan mevcut araştırma çalışmaları harmanlanarak gıda sektörü için bilimsel modeller sunulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Adley, C. C., Ryan, M. P. (2016). The nature and extent of foodborne disease. In Antimicrobial food packaging. Academic Press, the UK, pp. 1-10.
  • Almond Board of California, (2009). Pathogen environmental monitoring program (PEM). https://www.almonds.com/sites/default/files/pem_book.pdf (Accessed: 03.07.2021)
  • ANSES, (2020). Avis révisé de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation,de l’environnement et du travail relatif à la filière de production des préparations en poudre pour nourrissons. (pp. 1-74).
  • Acciari, V. A., Iannetti, L., Gattuso, A., Sonnessa, M., Scavia, G., Montagna, C., ... & Gianfranceschi, M. V. (2016). Tracing sources of Listeria contamination in traditional Italian cheese associated with a US outbreak: investigations in Italy. Epidemiol. Infect., 144 (13): 2719-2727.
  • Beno, S. M., Stasiewicz, M. J., Andrus, A. D., Ralyea, R. D., Kent, D. J., Martin, N. H., ... & Boor, K. J. (2016). Development and validation of pathogen environmental monitoring programs for small cheese processing facilities. J. Food Prot., 79(12): 2095-2106.
  • Cappitelli, F., Polo, A., Villa, F. (2014). Biofilm formation in food processing environments is still poorly understood and controlled. Food Eng. Rev., 6: 29-42.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (2016). Foodborne germs and illnesses. https://www. cdc. gov/foodsafety/foodborne germs (Accessed: 06.04.2021)
  • CDC, (2016). Keeping America Safe From Health Threats New And Old. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/p1214-2016-EOY-dpk.html (Accessed: 03.07.2021)
  • Cinar, A., Onbaşı, E. (2020). Monitoring environmental microbiological safety in a frozen fruit and vegetable plant. Food Sci. Technol (Campinas), 41, 232-237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.10420.
  • Channaiah, L. (2013). Environmental monitoring program: an early warning system for microbiological hazards. https://www.aibinternational.com/aibonline_/www.aibonline.org/newsletter/Magazine/Nov_Dec2013/EPMEarlyWarningHazards.pdf (Accessed: 12.06.2021)
  • Chapin, T. K., Nightingale, K. K., Worobo, R. W., Wiedmann, M., & Strawn, L. K. (2014). Geographical and meteorological factors associated with isolation of Listeria species in New York State produce production and natural environments. J. Food Prot., 77(11): 1919-1928. doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-132.
  • EFSA-ECDC, (2019). The European Union One Health 2018 Zoonoses Report. EFSA J. 17: 1–276.
  • EN 17141:2020. Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments – Biocontamination control (for final approval prior to publication). https://www.en-standard.eu/bs-en-17141-2020-cleanrooms-and-associated-controlled-environments-biocontamination-control/. (Accessed: 12.06.2021)
  • FDA. (2017). Draft guidance for industry: Control of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods (FDA-2008-D-0096). https://www.fda.gov/media/102633/download (Accessed 11.05.2021)
  • FDA, (2021). Recalls, Market Withdrawals, & Safety Alerts. https://www.fda.gov/safety/recalls-market-withdrawals-safety-alerts. (Accessed 02.06.2021)
  • FIL/IDF. (2020). Processing environment monitoring. https://www.fil-idf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/IDF-factsheet-Processing-Environment.pdf (Accessed 02.06.2021)
  • Fukushima, K. (2019). Mandatory implementation of HACCP-based food hygiene control. FOOD HYG SAFE SCI, 60 (5): 108-111.
  • Hoffmann, S., Scallan, E. (2017). Epidemiology, cost, and risk analysis of foodborne disease. In Foodborne Diseases, Academic Press, the UK, pp. 1-10.
  • Hasnan, N. Z. N., Mohd Ramli, S. H. (2020). Modernizing the preparation of the Malaysian mixed rice dish (MRD) with Cook-Chill Central Kitchen and implementation of HACCP. Int. J. Gastron. Food Sci., 19: 100193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2019.100193
  • ISO 7218:2007, (2007). Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs — General requirements and guidance for microbiological examinations. https://www.iso.org/standard/64950.html (Accessed 02.06.2021)
  • ISO 18593:2018, (2018). Microbiology of the food chain — Horizontal methods for surface sampling. https://www.iso.org/standard/64950.html (Accessed 02.06.2021)
  • Jemmi, T., Stephan. R. 2006. Listeria monocytogenes: Food-borne pathogen and hygiene indicator. REV SCI TECH OIE, 25(2): 571–580.
  • Jones, G., de la Gandara, M. P., Herrera-Leon, L., Herrera-Leon, S., Martinez, C. V., Hureaux-Roy, R., ... & Jourdan-Da Silva, N. (2019). Outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Poona in infants linked to persistent Salmonella contamination in an infant formula manufacturing facility, France, August 2018 to February 2019. Eurosurveillance, 24(13): 1900161.
  • Jung, J., Bir, C., Widmar, N. O., & Sayal, P. (2021). Initial Reports of Foodborne Illness Drive More Public Attention Than Do Food Recall Announcements. J. Food Prot., 84(7): 1150-1159.
  • Kase, J. A., Zhang, G., & Chen, Y. (2017). Recent foodborne outbreaks in the United States linked to a typical vehicles lessons learned. Curr. Opin. Food Sci., 18: 56-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2017.10.014.</jrn>
  • Magdovitz, B. F., Gummalla, S., Thippareddi, H., & Harrison, M. A. (2020). Evaluating environmental monitoring protocols for Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in frozen food manufacturing facilities. J. Food Prot., 83(1): 172-187.
  • Mazaheri, T., Cervantes-Huamán, B. R., Bermúdez-Capdevila, M., Ripolles-Avila, C., & Rodríguez-Jerez, J. J. (2021). Listeria monocytogenes biofilms in the food industry: is the current hygiene program sufficient to combat the persistence of the pathogen? Microorganisms, 9(1): 181. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010181
  • Moldenhauer, J. E, (2014). Fundamentals of an environmental monitoring program. Technical report no. 13 (revised). Parenteral Drug Association, Bethesda, MD. https://store.pda.org/TableOfContents/TR13_TOC.pdf (Accessed 05.06.2021)
  • Mota, J. D. O., Boue, G., Prevost, H., Maillet, A., Jaffres, E., Maignien, T., ... & Federighi, M. (2021). Environmental monitoring program to support food microbiological safety and quality in food industries: a scoping review of the research and guidelines. Food Control, 130: 108283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108283
  • Muhterem-Uyar, M., Dalmasso, M., Bolocan, A. S., Hernandez, M., Kapetanakou, A. E., Kuchta, T., Manios, S. G., Melero, B., Minarovicovaa, J., Nicolau, A. I., Rovira, J., Skandamis, P. N., Jordan, K., Rodriguez-Lazaro, D., Stessl, B., & Wagner, M. (2015). Environmental sampling for Listeria monocytogenes control in food processing facilities reveals three contamination scenarios. Food Control, 51: 94-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.10.042
  • National Fisheries Institute, (2018). Ready-to-eat seafood pathogen control manual. Virginia, USA: https://www.aboutseafood.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/RTE-Manual-Second-edition-April-2018.pdf (Accessed 13.06.2021)
  • Oliver, S.P. (2019). Foodborne pathogens and disease special issue on the national and international PulseNet network. Foodborne Pathog Dis, 16(7):439-440.
  • Onbaşı, E. (2020). Keşkül üretiminde HACCP sistemi ve Çevresel İzleme Programının (ÇİP) uygulanması. Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Gıda Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bursa, Türkiye, 137 s.
  • Onmaz, N.E., Karadal, F., Hızlısoy, H. (2016). Gıda Güvenliği Açısından İndikatör Mikroorganizmalar. Turkiye Klinikleri J Food Hyg Technol, 2(3):64-8.
  • Özdemir, H. (2018). Ürün geri çağırma tüketicileri nasıl etkiler? Marka imajı ve satın alma davranışı üzerine bir araştırma. Third Sector Social Economic Review, 53 (3): 1198-1208.
  • Panghal, A., Chhikara, N., Sindhu, N., & Jaglan, S. (2018). Role of food safety management systems in safe food production: A review. J. Food Saf., 38(4): e12464. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12464
  • Rodríguez-Marval, M., Kendall, P.A., Belk, K.E., Sofos, J.N., (2010). Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes during reheating of frankfurters with hot water before consumption. Food Prot. Trends. 30:16e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-67.2.295
  • Russo, E. T., Biggerstaff, G., Hoekstra, R. M., Meyer, S., Patel, N., Miller, B., ... & Salmonella Agona Outbreak Investigation Team. (2013). A recurrent, multistate outbreak of Salmonella serotype Agona infections associated with dry, unsweetened cereal consumption, United States, 2008. J. Food Prot., 76(2): 227-230. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-209
  • Simmons, C. K., Wiedmann, M. (2018). Identification and classification of sampling sites for pathogen environmental monitoring programs for Listeria monocytogenes: Results from an expert elicitation. Food Microbiol, 75: 2-17.
  • Smith, A. M., Tau, N. P., Smouse, S. L., Allam, M., Ismail, A., Ramalwa, N. R., ... & Thomas, J. (2019). Outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes in South Africa, 2017–2018: laboratory activities and experiences associated with whole-genome sequencing analysis of isolates. Foodborne Pathog. Dis, 16(7): 524-530.
  • Spanu, C., & Jordan, K. (2020). Listeria monocytogenes environmental sampling program in ready‐to‐eat processing facilities: A practical approach. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf., 19(6): 2843-2861.
  • Swaminathan, B., & Gerner-Smidt, P. (2007). The epidemiology of human listeriosis. Microbes and Infection, 9: 1236-1243.
  • Thomas, J., Govender, N., McCarthy, K. M., Erasmus, L. K., Doyle, T. J., Allam, M., Ismail, A., Ramalwa, N., Sekwadi, P., Ntshoe, G., Shonhiwa, A., Essel, V., Tau, N., Smouse, S., Ngomane, H. M., Disenyeng, B., Page, N. A., Govender, N. P., Duse, A. G., Stewart, R., Thomas, T., Mahoney, D., Tourdjman, M., Disson, O., Thouvenot, P., Maury, M. M., Leclercq, A., Lecuit, M., Smith, A. M., & Blumberg, L. H. (2020). Outbreak of Listeriosis in South Africa Associated with Processed Meat. NEJM., 382(7): 632-643.
  • United Fresh Produce Association, (2018). Guidance on environmental monitoring and control of Listeria for the fresh produce industry second education. Washington: United Fresh Produce Association. https://www.centerforproducesafety.org/amass/documents/document/263/Listeria%20Guidance%20UFPA%202013.pdf (Accessed 17.06.2021).
  • U.S. Food and Drug Administration – FDA. (2015). FSMA final rule for preventive controls for human food. Current good manufacturing practice and hazard analysis and risk-based preventive controls for human food. Maryland: FDA. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-safety-modernization-act-fsma/fsma-final-rule-preventive-controls-human-food (Accessed 13.06.2021).
  • 3M, & Cornell University. (2019). Environmental monitoring handbook for the food and beverage industries. USA: 3M. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1684575O/environmental-monitoring-handbook.pdf (Accessed 10.06.2021)
  • Weigel, G. (2019). The true costs of food recalls. Smart sense food safety. Retrieved from: https://blog.smartsense.co/costs-of-food-recalls (Accessed 10.06.2021)
  • WHO. (2015). WHO Estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/199350/9789241565165_eng.pdf (Accessed 13.06.2021)
  • World Health Organisation (WHO, 2020). Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/food-safety (Accessed 13.06.2021)
  • Zacharski, K. A., Southern, M., Ryan, A., & Adley, C. C. (2018). Evaluation of an environmental monitoring program for the microbial safety of air and surfaces in a dairy plant environment. J. Food Prot., 81: 1108-1116.
  • Zoellner, C., Ceres, K., Ghezzi‐Kopel, K., Wiedmann, M., & Ivanek, R. (2018). Design elements of Listeria environmental monitoring programs in food processing facilities: A scoping review of research and guidance materials. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf, 17(5): 1156-1171.
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Gıda Mühendisliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Elif Onbaşı 0000-0002-5169-7392

Aycan Çınar 0000-0003-2038-725X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Ağustos 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 46 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

APA Onbaşı, E., & Çınar, A. (2021). ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ. Gıda, 46(5), 1313-1330. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD21105
AMA Onbaşı E, Çınar A. ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ. GIDA. Ağustos 2021;46(5):1313-1330. doi:10.15237/gida.GD21105
Chicago Onbaşı, Elif, ve Aycan Çınar. “ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ”. Gıda 46, sy. 5 (Ağustos 2021): 1313-30. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD21105.
EndNote Onbaşı E, Çınar A (01 Ağustos 2021) ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ. Gıda 46 5 1313–1330.
IEEE E. Onbaşı ve A. Çınar, “ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ”, GIDA, c. 46, sy. 5, ss. 1313–1330, 2021, doi: 10.15237/gida.GD21105.
ISNAD Onbaşı, Elif - Çınar, Aycan. “ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ”. Gıda 46/5 (Ağustos 2021), 1313-1330. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD21105.
JAMA Onbaşı E, Çınar A. ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ. GIDA. 2021;46:1313–1330.
MLA Onbaşı, Elif ve Aycan Çınar. “ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ”. Gıda, c. 46, sy. 5, 2021, ss. 1313-30, doi:10.15237/gida.GD21105.
Vancouver Onbaşı E, Çınar A. ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ. GIDA. 2021;46(5):1313-30.

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