THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS

Nursema Pala Avcı; Nebahat Aral Yılmaz; Fatma Banu Nergis

doi:10.17482/uumfd.1359257

Research Article

THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS

Year 2024, Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 125 - 138, 22.04.2024

Nursema Pala Avcı Nebahat Aral Yılmaz Fatma Banu Nergis

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1359257

Abstract

In this study, core-shell nanofibers were produced by using hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer in the core and hydrophobic poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) polymer in the shell. Essential oil added nanofiber structures were developed by adding thyme oil (TEO) and borage oil (BO) in the PVP core part by using Triton X 100 (TX-100) as the surfactant. 8% PVP-8% PCL nanofibers were produced by adding TEO, BO and a 1:1 volume/volume mixture of these two (TEO:BO) to the PVP solution. Addition of essential oil and surfactant to the solutions resulted in different conductivity and viscosity values. SEM images were analyzed and it was observed that nanofiber diameters increased when essential oil and surfactant were added to the core of the coaxial nanofibers. Pristine, TEO added, TEO:BO added and BOadded nanofibers were calculated as 145 ± 66, 233 ± 150, 245 ± 165 and 300 ± 124 nm, respectively. Besides, water contact angle measurements showed that TX-100 and essential oil additives caused high hydrophilization of nanofiber by changing the hydrophobic nature of PCL. While the contact angle of the 8% PVP-8% PCL sample without additives were 98°, the contact angle of the oil and surfactant containing samples were measured as 0°. In conclusion, it was observed that the nanofiber morphology and surface properties changed when different essential oils and surfactant were added to the core-shell nanofibers.

Keywords

Nanofiber, Essential Oil, Coaxial Electrospinning, Polycaprolactone, Polyvinylpyrrolidone

Supporting Institution

Istanbul Technical University

Project Number

MYL-2021-4327

Thanks

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding by ITU-Graduate Thesis Program under the grant number MYL-2021-4327.

References

1. Ambekar, R. S., & Kandasubramanian, B. (2019). Advancements in nanofibers for wound dressing: A review. European Polymer Journal, 117, 304-336. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.05.020
2. Angammana, C. J., & Jayaram, S. H. (2011). Analysis of the effects of solution conductivity on electrospinning process and fiber morphology. IEEE Transactions on industry applications, 47(3), 1109- 1117. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2011.2127431
3. Ansarifar, E., & Moradinezhad, F. (2021). Preservation of strawberry fruit quality via the use of active packaging with encapsulated thyme essential oil in zein nanofiber film. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 56(9), 4239-4247. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.15130
4. Aras, C., Gebizli, Ş. D., Özer, E. T., & Karaca, E. (2019). Investigation of the effects of some process parameters on the morphological properties of polyurethane nanofibrous mats containing black seed oil. Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering, Vol. 24, No. 2. doi: 10.17482/uumfd.560358
5. Aykut, Y., Pourdeyhimi, B., & Khan, S. A. (2013). Effects of surfactants on the microstructures of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and their carbonized analogs. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 130(5), 3726-3735. doi: 10.1002/app.39637
6. Burt, S. A., Vlielander, R., Haagsman, H. P., & Veldhuizen, E. J. (2005). Increase in activity of essential oil components carvacrol and thymol against Escherichia coli O157: H7 by addition of food stabilizers. Journal of food protection, 68(5), 919-926. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X-68.5.919
7. Chen, F., Xu, L., Tian, Y., Caratenuto, A., Liu, X., & Zheng, Y. (2021). Electrospun polycaprolactone nanofiber composites with embedded carbon nanotubes/nanoparticles for photothermal absorption. ACS Applied Nano Materials, 4(5), 5230-5239. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.1c00623
8. Chen, K., Hu, H., Zeng, Y., Pan, H., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., ... & Liu, H. (2022). Recent advances in electrospun nanofibers for wound dressing. European Polymer Journal, 111490. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111490
9. Çallıoğlu, F. C., Güler, H. K., & Çetin, E. S. (2019). Emulsion electrospinning of bicomponent poly (vinyl pyrrolidone)/gelatin nanofibers with thyme essential oil. Materials Research Express, 6(12), 125013. doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab5387
10. Enis, I. Y., Vojtech, J., & Sadikoglu, T. G. (2017). Alternative solvent systems for polycaprolactone nanowebs via electrospinning. Journal of industrial textiles, 47(1), 57-70. doi: 10.1177/15280837166340
11. Gelmetti, C. (2009). Therapeutic moisturizers as adjuvant therapy for psoriasis patients. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 10(Suppl 1), 7-12. doi: 10.2165/0128071-200910001-00002
12. Huang, Z. M., Zhang, Y., & Ramakrishna, S. (2005). Double‐layered composite nanofibers and their mechanical performance. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 43(20), 2852-2861. doi: 10.1002/polb.20572
13. Jain, R., Shetty, S., & Yadav, K. S. (2020). Unfolding the electrospinning potential of biopolymers for preparation of nanofibers. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 57, 101604. doi: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101604
14. Kang, S. Y., Um, J. Y., Chung, B. Y., Lee, S. Y., Park, J. S., Kim, J. C., ... & Kim, H. O. (2022). Moisturizer in patients with inflammatory skin diseases. Medicina, 58(7), 888. doi: 10.3390/medicina58070888
15. Koushki, P., Bahrami, S. H., & Ranjbar-Mohammadi, M. (2018). Coaxial nanofibers from poly (caprolactone)/poly (vinyl alcohol)/Thyme and their antibacterial properties. Journal of industrial textiles, 47(5), 834-852. doi: 10.1177/1528083716674
16. Krysiak, Z. J., Kaniuk, Ł., Metwally, S., Szewczyk, P. K., Sroczyk, E. A., Peer, P., ... & Stachewicz, U. (2020). Nano-and microfiber PVB patches as natural oil carriers for atopic skin treatment. ACS Applied Bio Materials, 3(11), 7666-7676. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00854
17. Krysiak, Z. J., Knapczyk-Korczak, J., Maniak, G., & Stachewicz, U. (2021). Moisturizing effect of skin patches with hydrophobic and hydrophilic electrospun fibers for atopic dermatitis. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 199, 111554. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111554
18. Kwon, S., Yang, H., & Lee, S. (2023). Core–shell nanofibers as carrier systems for sustained delivery of tea tree oil. Textile Research Journal, 93(21-22), 4742-4754. doi: 10.1177/00405175231180
19. Liakos, I., Rizzello, L., Hajiali, H., Brunetti, V., Carzino, R., Pompa, P. P., ... & Mele, E. (2015). Fibrous wound dressings encapsulating essential oils as natural antimicrobial agents. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 3(8), 1583-1589. doi: 10.1039/C4TB01974A
20. Liao, N., Unnithan, A. R., Joshi, M. K., Tiwari, A. P., Hong, S. T., Park, C. H., & Kim, C. S. (2015). Electrospun bioactive poly (ɛ-caprolactone)–cellulose acetate–dextran antibacterial composite mats for wound dressing applications. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 469, 194-201. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.01.022
21. Lin, L., Zhu, Y., & Cui, H. (2018). Electrospun thyme essential oil/gelatin nanofibers for active packaging against Campylobacter jejuni in chicken. Lwt, 97, 711-718. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.08.015
22. Maroufi, L. Y., Ghorbani, M., Mohammadi, M., & Pezeshki, A. (2021). Improvement of the physico-mechanical properties of antibacterial electrospun poly lactic acid nanofibers by incorporation of guar gum and thyme essential oil. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 622, 126659. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126659
23. Miguel, S. P., Sequeira, R. S., Moreira, A. F., Cabral, C. S., Mendonça, A. G., Ferreira, P., & Correia, I. J. (2019). An overview of electrospun membranes loaded with bioactive molecules for improving the wound healing process. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 139, 1-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.03.010
24. Morais, M. S., Bonfim, D. P., Aguiar, M. L., & Oliveira, W. P. (2023). Electrospun poly (vinyl alcohol) nanofibrous mat loaded with green propolis extract, chitosan and nystatin as an innovative wound dressing material. Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation, 18(2), 704-718. doi: 10.1007/s12247-022-09681-7
25. Nasari, M., Semnani, D., Hadjianfar, M., & Amanpour, S. (2020). Poly (ε-caprolactone)/poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) core–shell nanofibers loaded by multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 5- fluorouracil: An anticancer drug delivery system. Journal of Materials Science, 55(23), 10185-10201. doi: 10.1007/s10853-020-04784-3
26. Sabra, S., Ragab, D. M., Agwa, M. M., & Rohani, S. (2020). Recent advances in electrospun nanofibers for some biomedical applications. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 144, 105224. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105224
27. Sruthi, R., Balagangadharan, K., & Selvamurugan, N. (2020). Polycaprolactone/polyvinylpyrrolidone coaxial electrospun fibers containing veratric acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for bone regeneration. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 193, 111110. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111110
28. Stoleru, E., & Brebu, M. (2021). Stabilization techniques of essential oils by incorporation into biodegradable polymeric materials for food packaging. Molecules, 26(20), 6307. doi: 10.3390/molecules26206307
29. Suganya, S., Senthil Ram, T., Lakshmi, B. S., & Giridev, V. R. (2011). Herbal drug incorporated antibacterial nanofibrous mat fabricated by electrospinning: an excellent matrix for wound dressings. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 121(5), 2893-2899. doi: 10.1002/app.33915
30. Sun, B., Duan, B., & Yuan, X. (2006). Preparation of core/shell PVP/PLA ultrafine fibers by coaxial electrospinning. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 102(1), 39-45. doi: 10.1002/app.24297
31. Unalan, I., Endlein, S. J., Slavik, B., Buettner, A., Goldmann, W. H., Detsch, R., & Boccaccini, A. R. (2019). Evaluation of electrospun poly (ε-caprolactone)/gelatin nanofiber mats containing clove essential oil for antibacterial wound dressing. Pharmaceutics, 11(11), 570. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110570
32. Varsei, M., Tanha, N. R., Gorji, M., & Mazinani, S. (2021). Fabrication and optimization of PCL/PVP nanofibers with Lawsonia inermis for antibacterial wound dressings. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 29(9_suppl), S1403-S1413. doi: 10.1177/0967391121105330
33. Zhang, C., Feng, F., & Zhang, H. (2018). Emulsion electrospinning: Fundamentals, food applications and prospects. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 80, 175-186. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.08.005
34. Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhu, Z., Jiao, X., Shang, Y., & Wen, Y. (2019). Encapsulation of thymol in biodegradable nanofiber via coaxial eletrospinning and applications in fruit preservation. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 67(6), 1736-1741. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06362
35. Zhu, L. F., Zheng, Y., Fan, J., Yao, Y., Ahmad, Z., & Chang, M. W. (2019). A novel core-shell nanofiber drug delivery system intended for the synergistic treatment of melanoma. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 137, 105002. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105002

Koaksiyel Nanoliflerde Esansiyel Yağların Lif Morfolojisi ve Yüzey Özellikleri Üzerindeki Etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 125 - 138, 22.04.2024

Nursema Pala Avcı Nebahat Aral Yılmaz Fatma Banu Nergis

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1359257

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, çekirdekte hidrofilik polivinilpirolidon (PVP) polimeri ve kabukta hidrofobik poli(ekaprolakton) (PCL) polimeri kullanılarak çekirdek-kabuk nanolifler üretilmiştir. Yüzey aktif madde olarak Triton (TX-100) kullanmak suretiyle PVP çekirdek kısmına kekik yağı (TEO) ve hodan yağı (BO) eklenerek esansiyel yağ katkılı nanolifli yapılar geliştirilmiştir. PVP çözeltisine TEO, BO ve bu ikisinin (TEO:BO) 1:1 hacim/hacim karışımı eklenerek %8 PVP-%8 PCL nanolifler üretilmiştir. Çözeltilere esansiyel yağ ve yüzey aktif maddenin eklenmesi, farklı iletkenlik ve viskozite değerleri ile sonuçlanmıştır. SEM görüntüleri analiz edilmiş ve koaksiyel nanoliflerin çekirdeğine esansiyel yağ ve yüzey aktif madde eklendiğinde nanolif çaplarının arttığı gözlenmiştir. Katkısız ve TEO, TEO:BO ile BO katkılı nanoliflerin çapları sırasıyla 145 ± 66, 233 ± 150, 245 ± 165 and 300 ± 124 nm olacak şekilde ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca su temas açısı ölçümleri, TX-100 ve esansiyel yağ katkı maddelerinin PCL'nin hidrofobik yapısını değiştirerek nanoliflerin yüksek oranda hidrofilizasyonuna neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Katkısız %8 PVP-%8 PCL nanoliflerin temas açıları 98° iken, yüzey aktif madde ve yağ içerikli numunelerin temas açılarının 0° olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, çekirdek-kabuk yapısındaki nanoliflere farklı yağlar ve yüzey aktif maddeler eklendiğinde nanolif morfolojisinin ve yüzey özelliklerinin değiştiği gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

Nanolif, Esansiyel Yağ, Koaksiyel Elektroeğirme, Polikaprolakton, Polivinilpirolidon

Supporting Institution

İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi

Project Number

MYL-2021-4327

References

1. Ambekar, R. S., & Kandasubramanian, B. (2019). Advancements in nanofibers for wound dressing: A review. European Polymer Journal, 117, 304-336. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.05.020
2. Angammana, C. J., & Jayaram, S. H. (2011). Analysis of the effects of solution conductivity on electrospinning process and fiber morphology. IEEE Transactions on industry applications, 47(3), 1109- 1117. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2011.2127431
3. Ansarifar, E., & Moradinezhad, F. (2021). Preservation of strawberry fruit quality via the use of active packaging with encapsulated thyme essential oil in zein nanofiber film. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 56(9), 4239-4247. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.15130
4. Aras, C., Gebizli, Ş. D., Özer, E. T., & Karaca, E. (2019). Investigation of the effects of some process parameters on the morphological properties of polyurethane nanofibrous mats containing black seed oil. Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering, Vol. 24, No. 2. doi: 10.17482/uumfd.560358
5. Aykut, Y., Pourdeyhimi, B., & Khan, S. A. (2013). Effects of surfactants on the microstructures of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and their carbonized analogs. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 130(5), 3726-3735. doi: 10.1002/app.39637
6. Burt, S. A., Vlielander, R., Haagsman, H. P., & Veldhuizen, E. J. (2005). Increase in activity of essential oil components carvacrol and thymol against Escherichia coli O157: H7 by addition of food stabilizers. Journal of food protection, 68(5), 919-926. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X-68.5.919
7. Chen, F., Xu, L., Tian, Y., Caratenuto, A., Liu, X., & Zheng, Y. (2021). Electrospun polycaprolactone nanofiber composites with embedded carbon nanotubes/nanoparticles for photothermal absorption. ACS Applied Nano Materials, 4(5), 5230-5239. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.1c00623
8. Chen, K., Hu, H., Zeng, Y., Pan, H., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., ... & Liu, H. (2022). Recent advances in electrospun nanofibers for wound dressing. European Polymer Journal, 111490. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111490
9. Çallıoğlu, F. C., Güler, H. K., & Çetin, E. S. (2019). Emulsion electrospinning of bicomponent poly (vinyl pyrrolidone)/gelatin nanofibers with thyme essential oil. Materials Research Express, 6(12), 125013. doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab5387
10. Enis, I. Y., Vojtech, J., & Sadikoglu, T. G. (2017). Alternative solvent systems for polycaprolactone nanowebs via electrospinning. Journal of industrial textiles, 47(1), 57-70. doi: 10.1177/15280837166340
11. Gelmetti, C. (2009). Therapeutic moisturizers as adjuvant therapy for psoriasis patients. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 10(Suppl 1), 7-12. doi: 10.2165/0128071-200910001-00002
12. Huang, Z. M., Zhang, Y., & Ramakrishna, S. (2005). Double‐layered composite nanofibers and their mechanical performance. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 43(20), 2852-2861. doi: 10.1002/polb.20572
13. Jain, R., Shetty, S., & Yadav, K. S. (2020). Unfolding the electrospinning potential of biopolymers for preparation of nanofibers. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 57, 101604. doi: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101604
14. Kang, S. Y., Um, J. Y., Chung, B. Y., Lee, S. Y., Park, J. S., Kim, J. C., ... & Kim, H. O. (2022). Moisturizer in patients with inflammatory skin diseases. Medicina, 58(7), 888. doi: 10.3390/medicina58070888
15. Koushki, P., Bahrami, S. H., & Ranjbar-Mohammadi, M. (2018). Coaxial nanofibers from poly (caprolactone)/poly (vinyl alcohol)/Thyme and their antibacterial properties. Journal of industrial textiles, 47(5), 834-852. doi: 10.1177/1528083716674
16. Krysiak, Z. J., Kaniuk, Ł., Metwally, S., Szewczyk, P. K., Sroczyk, E. A., Peer, P., ... & Stachewicz, U. (2020). Nano-and microfiber PVB patches as natural oil carriers for atopic skin treatment. ACS Applied Bio Materials, 3(11), 7666-7676. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00854
17. Krysiak, Z. J., Knapczyk-Korczak, J., Maniak, G., & Stachewicz, U. (2021). Moisturizing effect of skin patches with hydrophobic and hydrophilic electrospun fibers for atopic dermatitis. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 199, 111554. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111554
18. Kwon, S., Yang, H., & Lee, S. (2023). Core–shell nanofibers as carrier systems for sustained delivery of tea tree oil. Textile Research Journal, 93(21-22), 4742-4754. doi: 10.1177/00405175231180
19. Liakos, I., Rizzello, L., Hajiali, H., Brunetti, V., Carzino, R., Pompa, P. P., ... & Mele, E. (2015). Fibrous wound dressings encapsulating essential oils as natural antimicrobial agents. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 3(8), 1583-1589. doi: 10.1039/C4TB01974A
20. Liao, N., Unnithan, A. R., Joshi, M. K., Tiwari, A. P., Hong, S. T., Park, C. H., & Kim, C. S. (2015). Electrospun bioactive poly (ɛ-caprolactone)–cellulose acetate–dextran antibacterial composite mats for wound dressing applications. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 469, 194-201. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.01.022
21. Lin, L., Zhu, Y., & Cui, H. (2018). Electrospun thyme essential oil/gelatin nanofibers for active packaging against Campylobacter jejuni in chicken. Lwt, 97, 711-718. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.08.015
22. Maroufi, L. Y., Ghorbani, M., Mohammadi, M., & Pezeshki, A. (2021). Improvement of the physico-mechanical properties of antibacterial electrospun poly lactic acid nanofibers by incorporation of guar gum and thyme essential oil. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 622, 126659. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126659
23. Miguel, S. P., Sequeira, R. S., Moreira, A. F., Cabral, C. S., Mendonça, A. G., Ferreira, P., & Correia, I. J. (2019). An overview of electrospun membranes loaded with bioactive molecules for improving the wound healing process. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 139, 1-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.03.010
24. Morais, M. S., Bonfim, D. P., Aguiar, M. L., & Oliveira, W. P. (2023). Electrospun poly (vinyl alcohol) nanofibrous mat loaded with green propolis extract, chitosan and nystatin as an innovative wound dressing material. Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation, 18(2), 704-718. doi: 10.1007/s12247-022-09681-7
25. Nasari, M., Semnani, D., Hadjianfar, M., & Amanpour, S. (2020). Poly (ε-caprolactone)/poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) core–shell nanofibers loaded by multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 5- fluorouracil: An anticancer drug delivery system. Journal of Materials Science, 55(23), 10185-10201. doi: 10.1007/s10853-020-04784-3
26. Sabra, S., Ragab, D. M., Agwa, M. M., & Rohani, S. (2020). Recent advances in electrospun nanofibers for some biomedical applications. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 144, 105224. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105224
27. Sruthi, R., Balagangadharan, K., & Selvamurugan, N. (2020). Polycaprolactone/polyvinylpyrrolidone coaxial electrospun fibers containing veratric acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for bone regeneration. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 193, 111110. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111110
28. Stoleru, E., & Brebu, M. (2021). Stabilization techniques of essential oils by incorporation into biodegradable polymeric materials for food packaging. Molecules, 26(20), 6307. doi: 10.3390/molecules26206307
29. Suganya, S., Senthil Ram, T., Lakshmi, B. S., & Giridev, V. R. (2011). Herbal drug incorporated antibacterial nanofibrous mat fabricated by electrospinning: an excellent matrix for wound dressings. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 121(5), 2893-2899. doi: 10.1002/app.33915
30. Sun, B., Duan, B., & Yuan, X. (2006). Preparation of core/shell PVP/PLA ultrafine fibers by coaxial electrospinning. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 102(1), 39-45. doi: 10.1002/app.24297
31. Unalan, I., Endlein, S. J., Slavik, B., Buettner, A., Goldmann, W. H., Detsch, R., & Boccaccini, A. R. (2019). Evaluation of electrospun poly (ε-caprolactone)/gelatin nanofiber mats containing clove essential oil for antibacterial wound dressing. Pharmaceutics, 11(11), 570. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110570
32. Varsei, M., Tanha, N. R., Gorji, M., & Mazinani, S. (2021). Fabrication and optimization of PCL/PVP nanofibers with Lawsonia inermis for antibacterial wound dressings. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 29(9_suppl), S1403-S1413. doi: 10.1177/0967391121105330
33. Zhang, C., Feng, F., & Zhang, H. (2018). Emulsion electrospinning: Fundamentals, food applications and prospects. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 80, 175-186. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.08.005
34. Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhu, Z., Jiao, X., Shang, Y., & Wen, Y. (2019). Encapsulation of thymol in biodegradable nanofiber via coaxial eletrospinning and applications in fruit preservation. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 67(6), 1736-1741. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06362
35. Zhu, L. F., Zheng, Y., Fan, J., Yao, Y., Ahmad, Z., & Chang, M. W. (2019). A novel core-shell nanofiber drug delivery system intended for the synergistic treatment of melanoma. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 137, 105002. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105002

There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Textile Sciences and Engineering (Other)
Journal Section	Research Articles
Authors	Nursema Pala Avcı 0000-0002-7987-4063 Nebahat Aral Yılmaz 0000-0001-6297-8088 Fatma Banu Nergis 0000-0001-6010-6497
Project Number	MYL-2021-4327
Early Pub Date	March 28, 2024
Publication Date	April 22, 2024
Submission Date	September 12, 2023
Acceptance Date	February 15, 2024
Published in Issue	Year 2024 Volume: 29 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Pala Avcı, N., Aral Yılmaz, N., & Nergis, F. B. (2024). THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(1), 125-138. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1359257
AMA	Pala Avcı N, Aral Yılmaz N, Nergis FB. THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS. UUJFE. April 2024;29(1):125-138. doi:10.17482/uumfd.1359257
Chicago	Pala Avcı, Nursema, Nebahat Aral Yılmaz, and Fatma Banu Nergis. “THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 29, no. 1 (April 2024): 125-38. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1359257.
EndNote	Pala Avcı N, Aral Yılmaz N, Nergis FB (April 1, 2024) THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 29 1 125–138.
IEEE	N. Pala Avcı, N. Aral Yılmaz, and F. B. Nergis, “THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS”, UUJFE, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 125–138, 2024, doi: 10.17482/uumfd.1359257.
ISNAD	Pala Avcı, Nursema et al. “THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 29/1 (April 2024), 125-138. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1359257.
JAMA	Pala Avcı N, Aral Yılmaz N, Nergis FB. THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS. UUJFE. 2024;29:125–138.
MLA	Pala Avcı, Nursema et al. “THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 29, no. 1, 2024, pp. 125-38, doi:10.17482/uumfd.1359257.
Vancouver	Pala Avcı N, Aral Yılmaz N, Nergis FB. THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL ON FIBER MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE PROPERTIES IN COAXIAL NANOFIBERS. UUJFE. 2024;29(1):125-38.

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