A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES

Damla Yılmaz; Egemen Aras; Babak Vaheddoost

doi:10.17482/uumfd.1183508

Research Article

Farklı Taban Dane Çapı ve Eğimlere Sahip Açık Kanallarda Manning Pürüzlülük Katsayısının İncelenmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 453 - 464, 31.08.2023

Damla Yılmaz Egemen Aras Babak Vaheddoost

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1183508

Abstract

Mevcut bulunan su kaynaklarından maksimum verimi alabilmek ve yeni projeleri hayata geçirmek amacıyla yapılan çalışmalar gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Açık kanallarda proje tasarım ve kontrol etme sürecinde akış direncini belirlemek oldukça karmaşık bir süreci gerektirir. Akışa karşı direnci temsil eden hidrolik pürüzlülüğü hesaplayabilmek için kanal ve akışın karakteristiklerini bilmek şarttır. Hidrolik pürüzlülüğün ampirik olarak hesaplanması ve değerlendirilmesi ilerde yapılacak tasarım ve planlama süreçlerine destek olacaktır. Bu çalışmada aynı boyutta bloklara yerleştirilen dört farklı dane çapına sahip agrega kullanılmıştır (d50= 28mm, 17.5mm, 4mm ve 1.75mm) Deneylerde n, pürüzlülük katsayısının farklı zemin numuneleri kullanılarak üç farklı eğim ve debide oluşan farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Deney süresince Froude sayısı değerleri incelenmiş ve 32 adet deneyin nehir rejiminde devam ettiği görülmüştür. Alternatif olarak, Manning denklemi ile elde edilen pürüzlülük değerlerini doğrulamak adına Lotter yöntemi kullanılmıştır ve seçilen yöntemlerle elde edilen pürüzlülük değerlerinin birbiri ile iyi uyum gösterdiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Pürüzlülük katsayısı, Açık kanal akımları, Manning, Dane çapı

Supporting Institution

Project Number

Thanks

Bitirme çalışmaları esnasında deneysel çalışmalara destek olan Üveys Otacı, Enes Ergül, Eyyüb Gök, Çağatay Şahiner, Yılmaz Taştan, Fırat Kalkan adlı öğrencilerimize teşekkür ederiz.

References

1. Abd Wahıd, N.L.A.B. (2015) Impacts of vegetation on the characteristics of the flow: Manning Roughness Coeffıcients For Open Channel, Final Year Project Report,Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Civil Engineering.
2. Abood, M. M., Yusuf, B., Mohammed, T. A., & Ghazali, A. H. (2006). Manning roughness coefficient for grass-lined channel. Journal of Science and Technology, 13(4), 317-330.
3. Ahmad, N.A., Saiful Bahry, S.I., Ali, M.Z., Daud, M.M.A., , and Musa, S. (2017) Effect of flow resistance in open rectangular channel, MATEC Web of Conferences 97, 01107. Doi: 10.1051/matecconf/20179701107
4. Al-Adili, A., Sadiq, A., & Faroq, F. A. D. I. A. (2005). Study For The Effect of Manning Roughness on Froude number in open channel (subcritical flow). Engineering and Technology Journal, University of Technology, 33(5), 1164-1177. Doi: 10.30684/etj.33.5A.12
5. Berkün, M. (2015). Akışkanlar Mekaniği ve Hidrolik: Açık kanallarda uniform akım, Literatür Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
6. Chow, V. T. (1959) Open Channel Hydraulics. McGraw-Hill, New York
7. De Doncker, L., Troch, P., Verhoeven, R., Bal, K., Meire, P., & Quintelier, J. (2009). Determination of the Manning roughness coefficient influenced by vegetation in the river Aa and Biebrza river. Environmental fluid mechanics, 9(5), 549-567. Doi: 10.1007/s10652-009-9149-0
8. Djajadi, R. (2009). Comparative study of equivalent Manning roughness coefficient for channel with composite roughness. Civil Engineering Dimension, 11(2), 113-118. Doi: 10.9744/CED.11.2.PP.
9. Gautam, A. (2021) Determination of manning's roughness coefficient in bijayapur irrigation canal, Kaski, Nepal, Himalayan Journal of Applied Science and Engineering (HiJASE), Vol. 2, Issue 2, Nov. Doi: 10.1007/s10652-009-9149-0
10. Hessel, R., Jetten, V., & Guanghui, Z. (2003). Estimating Manning's n for steep slopes. Catena, 54(1-2), 77-91. Doi: 10.1016/S0341-8162(03)00058-4
11. Islam, J. & Brown, N. (2013). Compound Channel Modellıng Capabılıty Assessment Of 1D Hydraulic Model, Water New Zealand Storm water Conference.
12. Khadka, D. B., & Bhandari, P. (2022). Effects of Bed Materials to Flow Characteristics on Open Channel and Gradually Varied Flow Simulation Using Genetic Algorithm (GA). European Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(4). 1-20. Doi: 10.14738/aivp.104.12709
13. Lau, T.W. and Afshar, N.R. (2013) Effect of roughness on discharge, UNIMAS e-Journal Civil Engineering: Volume 4, Issue 3. Doi: 10.33736/jcest.124.2013
14. Lotter, G. K., Considerations on Hydraulic Design of Channels with Different Roughness of Walls, Transactions of All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 7, 1932, pp. 55-88.
15. Merry, A. M. (2017) Experimental study for determine manning's coefficient with different slopes and channel bed materials, Kufa Journal of Engineering Vol. 8, No. 3, P.P. 76-88. Doi: 10.30572/2018/KJE/8031160
16. M.M. Ibrahim, Neveen B. Abdel-Mageed. (2014) Effect of bed roughness on flow characteristics. International Journal Of Academic Research Part A; 6(5), 169-178. doi: 10.7813/2075-4124.2014/6-5/A.24
17. R. D. Jarrett. (1985) Determination of roughness coefficients for streams in Colorado, U.S. Geological survey, Lakewood, Colorado. Doi: 10.3133/wri854004
18. Sawant, P.N., Kumar, A., and Nivesh, S. (2020) Flume experiment for evaluation of effect of different bed conditions on Manning's roughness coefficient in open channel flow, Indian Journal of Soil Conservation, Vol 48, No,2(125-130).
19. Stephenson, D., Stormwater Hydrology and Drainage, Development in Water Science, Vol. 14, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1981, pp. 276-287.
20. Yerdelen, C., Mertsoy, M., and Tayfur, G. (2015) Rijit gövdeli bitkilerin neden olduğu manning katsayısının araştırılması, İMO Teknik Dergi, 7055-7076, Yazı 433.
21. Wu Fu-Sheng. (2008) Characterıstıcs of flow resistance in open channels with Non-Submerged rigid vegetation, Journal Of Hydrodynamics. 2008,20(2):239-245. Doi: 10.1016/S1001-6058(08)60052-9

A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES

Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 453 - 464, 31.08.2023

Damla Yılmaz Egemen Aras Babak Vaheddoost

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1183508

Abstract

Efforts for getting the maximum efficiency from the existing water resources and to implement new projects are getting more attention these days. Determining the flow resistance for the project design and control process in open channels requires sophisticated applications. It is usually essential to be aware of the characteristics of the channel and flow to determine the hydraulic roughness, which represents the resistance of the flow. Hence, empirical calculation and evaluation of the hydraulic roughness will support future design and planning processes. In this study, four different particle sizes (d50= 28mm, 17.5mm, 4mm, and 1.75mm) that were fixed on blocks were used. These particle sizes were then used as the bed covering together with, three different horizontal bed slopes, and flow rates in the experiments to determine the associated Manning roughness, n. During the experiment, Froude number values were examined and it was determined that, in 32 experiments the flow regime can be considered as subcritical. Alternatively, the Lotter method was used to confirm the roughness values obtained by the Manning equation. It was concluded that the roughness values obtained by the selected methods have good concordance with each other.

Keywords

Roughness coefficient, Open channel flows, Manning, Grain diameter

Project Number

References

1. Abd Wahıd, N.L.A.B. (2015) Impacts of vegetation on the characteristics of the flow: Manning Roughness Coeffıcients For Open Channel, Final Year Project Report,Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Civil Engineering.
2. Abood, M. M., Yusuf, B., Mohammed, T. A., & Ghazali, A. H. (2006). Manning roughness coefficient for grass-lined channel. Journal of Science and Technology, 13(4), 317-330.
3. Ahmad, N.A., Saiful Bahry, S.I., Ali, M.Z., Daud, M.M.A., , and Musa, S. (2017) Effect of flow resistance in open rectangular channel, MATEC Web of Conferences 97, 01107. Doi: 10.1051/matecconf/20179701107
4. Al-Adili, A., Sadiq, A., & Faroq, F. A. D. I. A. (2005). Study For The Effect of Manning Roughness on Froude number in open channel (subcritical flow). Engineering and Technology Journal, University of Technology, 33(5), 1164-1177. Doi: 10.30684/etj.33.5A.12
5. Berkün, M. (2015). Akışkanlar Mekaniği ve Hidrolik: Açık kanallarda uniform akım, Literatür Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
6. Chow, V. T. (1959) Open Channel Hydraulics. McGraw-Hill, New York
7. De Doncker, L., Troch, P., Verhoeven, R., Bal, K., Meire, P., & Quintelier, J. (2009). Determination of the Manning roughness coefficient influenced by vegetation in the river Aa and Biebrza river. Environmental fluid mechanics, 9(5), 549-567. Doi: 10.1007/s10652-009-9149-0
8. Djajadi, R. (2009). Comparative study of equivalent Manning roughness coefficient for channel with composite roughness. Civil Engineering Dimension, 11(2), 113-118. Doi: 10.9744/CED.11.2.PP.
9. Gautam, A. (2021) Determination of manning's roughness coefficient in bijayapur irrigation canal, Kaski, Nepal, Himalayan Journal of Applied Science and Engineering (HiJASE), Vol. 2, Issue 2, Nov. Doi: 10.1007/s10652-009-9149-0
10. Hessel, R., Jetten, V., & Guanghui, Z. (2003). Estimating Manning's n for steep slopes. Catena, 54(1-2), 77-91. Doi: 10.1016/S0341-8162(03)00058-4
11. Islam, J. & Brown, N. (2013). Compound Channel Modellıng Capabılıty Assessment Of 1D Hydraulic Model, Water New Zealand Storm water Conference.
12. Khadka, D. B., & Bhandari, P. (2022). Effects of Bed Materials to Flow Characteristics on Open Channel and Gradually Varied Flow Simulation Using Genetic Algorithm (GA). European Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(4). 1-20. Doi: 10.14738/aivp.104.12709
13. Lau, T.W. and Afshar, N.R. (2013) Effect of roughness on discharge, UNIMAS e-Journal Civil Engineering: Volume 4, Issue 3. Doi: 10.33736/jcest.124.2013
14. Lotter, G. K., Considerations on Hydraulic Design of Channels with Different Roughness of Walls, Transactions of All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 7, 1932, pp. 55-88.
15. Merry, A. M. (2017) Experimental study for determine manning's coefficient with different slopes and channel bed materials, Kufa Journal of Engineering Vol. 8, No. 3, P.P. 76-88. Doi: 10.30572/2018/KJE/8031160
16. M.M. Ibrahim, Neveen B. Abdel-Mageed. (2014) Effect of bed roughness on flow characteristics. International Journal Of Academic Research Part A; 6(5), 169-178. doi: 10.7813/2075-4124.2014/6-5/A.24
17. R. D. Jarrett. (1985) Determination of roughness coefficients for streams in Colorado, U.S. Geological survey, Lakewood, Colorado. Doi: 10.3133/wri854004
18. Sawant, P.N., Kumar, A., and Nivesh, S. (2020) Flume experiment for evaluation of effect of different bed conditions on Manning's roughness coefficient in open channel flow, Indian Journal of Soil Conservation, Vol 48, No,2(125-130).
19. Stephenson, D., Stormwater Hydrology and Drainage, Development in Water Science, Vol. 14, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1981, pp. 276-287.
20. Yerdelen, C., Mertsoy, M., and Tayfur, G. (2015) Rijit gövdeli bitkilerin neden olduğu manning katsayısının araştırılması, İMO Teknik Dergi, 7055-7076, Yazı 433.
21. Wu Fu-Sheng. (2008) Characterıstıcs of flow resistance in open channels with Non-Submerged rigid vegetation, Journal Of Hydrodynamics. 2008,20(2):239-245. Doi: 10.1016/S1001-6058(08)60052-9

There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Civil Engineering
Journal Section	Research Articles
Authors	Damla Yılmaz 0000-0003-4207-7105 Egemen Aras 0000-0002-7553-9313 Babak Vaheddoost 0000-0002-4767-6660
Project Number	-
Early Pub Date	August 18, 2023
Publication Date	August 31, 2023
Submission Date	October 3, 2022
Acceptance Date	July 11, 2023
Published in Issue	Year 2023 Volume: 28 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Yılmaz, D., Aras, E., & Vaheddoost, B. (2023). A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), 453-464. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1183508
AMA	Yılmaz D, Aras E, Vaheddoost B. A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES. UUJFE. August 2023;28(2):453-464. doi:10.17482/uumfd.1183508
Chicago	Yılmaz, Damla, Egemen Aras, and Babak Vaheddoost. “A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 28, no. 2 (August 2023): 453-64. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1183508.
EndNote	Yılmaz D, Aras E, Vaheddoost B (August 1, 2023) A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 28 2 453–464.
IEEE	D. Yılmaz, E. Aras, and B. Vaheddoost, “A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES”, UUJFE, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 453–464, 2023, doi: 10.17482/uumfd.1183508.
ISNAD	Yılmaz, Damla et al. “A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 28/2 (August 2023), 453-464. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1183508.
JAMA	Yılmaz D, Aras E, Vaheddoost B. A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES. UUJFE. 2023;28:453–464.
MLA	Yılmaz, Damla et al. “A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 28, no. 2, 2023, pp. 453-64, doi:10.17482/uumfd.1183508.
Vancouver	Yılmaz D, Aras E, Vaheddoost B. A LABORATORY SCALE INVESTIGATION OF MANNING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT IN OPEN CHANNEL BED WITH DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZE AND SLOPES. UUJFE. 2023;28(2):453-64.

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