Research Article
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flexural Properties of Solid Wood Materials Reinforced with Various FRP
Abstract
Wood material is destroyed over time by biotic and abiotic factors. Many of the historical buildings are made of wooden materials and these materials can degrade over time with the effect of environmental conditions. In order to ensure the sustainability of these buildings with historical value, they need to be repaired and strengthened over time. In this study, 20x20x360 mm wood specimens of Ash tree species were strengthened with carbon, basalt and glass based FRP materials. The flexural properties of the reference sample without wrapping and the samples reinforced with carbon, basalt and glass based FRP material were examined. For this purpose, at first three-point bending test has been performed, and then obtained results are compared with the numerical ones found from finite element analysis software ANSYS. As result, a good agreement has been found between experimental and numerical results. As a result of the flexural tests, the load-displacement curves, values of flexural strength and values of modulus of elasticity the samples were determined. In this study, it was determined that the highest load carrying capacity value belongs to the sample reinforced with carbon-based FRP polymers.
Supporting Institution
SDU BAP
Project Number
FDK-2019-6950
Thanks
This study has been prepared within the scope of the thematic area of “Sustainable Building Materials and Technologies” with SDU BAP project with FDK-2019-6950 project code and YÖK 100/2000 doctoral program. The authors thank the SDU BAP unit, YÖK and YÖK100/2000 program staff.
References
- [1] K. Akgün, “The effects of tannin and heat treatment on some physical and mechanical properties of laminated chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) wood”, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ph.D. Thesis, p. 98, 2008.
- [2] H. T. Sahin, M. B. Arslan Korkut, S., C. Sahin, ‘’Colour changes of heat‐treated woods of red‐bud maple, European hophornbeam and oak.’’ Color Research & Application, 36(6), 462-466, 2011.
- [3] C. K. Sahin, B. Onay. ‘’Alternative wood species for playgrounds wood from fruit trees.’’ Wood Research, 65(1), 149-160, 2020.
- [4] C. K. Sahin, M. Topay, A. A. Var, ‘’A study on suitability of some wood species for landscape applications: surface color, hardness and roughness changes at outdoor conditions.’’ Wood Research, 65(3), 395-404, 2020.
- [5] C. Sahin, B. Onay, E. Mirza, ‘’A Natural Sustainable Material for Urban Design: Wood, In: “Theories, Techniques, Strategies” for Spatial Planners & Designers Planning,’’ Design, Applications, Murat Ozyavuz (ed.), Peter Lang GmbH. Berlin 221-234, 2021.
- [6] Y. Bozkurt, Y. Göker, “Utilization of forest products textbook”, Istanbul University Faculty of Forestry Publications, İstanbul, 1981.
- [7] S. Yıldız, “Physical, mechanical, technological and chemical properties of heat treated eastern beech and eastern spruce woods”, Karadeniz Technical University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Doctoral Thesis, p. 285, Trabzon, 2002.
- [8] C. González Bravo, “Recuperación de la capacidad mecánica en piezas de madera solicitadas a flexión en estructuras tradicionales operando por la cara superior mediante refuerzos y prótesis metálicas”. PhD Thesis. E.T.S. of Architecture, Polytechnic University of Madrid, p. 265, 2007.
- [9] F. H. Theakston, “A feasibility study for strengthening timber beams with fibreglass”, Canadian Agricultural Engineering, vol. 17, 1965.
- [10] J. Fiorelli, A.A. Dias, “Analysis of the strength and stiffness of timber beams reinforced with carbon fiber and glass fiber”, Materials Research, vol. 6, pp. 193–202, 2003.
- [11] M. Fossetti, G. Minafò, M. Papia, “Flexural behaviour of glulam timber beams reinforced with FRP cords”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 95, pp. 54-64, 2015.
- [12] S. Kilincarslan, Y. Şimşek Türker, ‘’The Effect of Strengthening With Fıber Reinforced Polymers on Strength Propertıes of Wood Beams’’, 2nd International Turkish World Engineering and Science Congress, pp. 8-14, 2019.
- [13] F. J. Rescalvo, C. Abarkane, E. Suárez, Valverde- I. Palacios and A. Gallego, “Pine beams retrofitted with FRP and poplar planks: mechanical behavior”. Materials, vol. 12, no. 19, 2019.
- [14] B. F. Donadon, N. T. Mascia, Vilela, R. L., M. Trautwein, “Experimental investigation of glued-laminated timber beams with Vectran-FRP reinforcement”. Engineering Structures, vol. 202, 109818, 2020.
- [15] F. D. Spaun, “Reinforcement of wood with fibreglass”. Forest Product Journal, vol. 31, no.4, pp. 26–33, 1981.
- [16] P. De La Rosa García, A. C. Escamilla, M., N. G. García, “Bending reinforcement of timber beams with composite carbon fiber and basalt fiber materials”. Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 55, pp. 528-536, 2013.
- [17] S. Kilincarslan, Y. Şimşek Türker, “Experimental investigation of the rotational behaviour of glulam column-beam joints reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer composites”. Composite Structures, vol. 262, 2021.
- [18] Ü. K. Işleyen, H. İ. Kesik, “Experimental and numerical analysis of compression and bending strength of old wood reinforced with CFRP strips”, Structures, vol. 33, pp. 259-271, 2021.
Year 2023,
Volume: 27 Issue: 4, 895 - 901, 25.08.2023
Abstract
Project Number
FDK-2019-6950
References
- [1] K. Akgün, “The effects of tannin and heat treatment on some physical and mechanical properties of laminated chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) wood”, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ph.D. Thesis, p. 98, 2008.
- [2] H. T. Sahin, M. B. Arslan Korkut, S., C. Sahin, ‘’Colour changes of heat‐treated woods of red‐bud maple, European hophornbeam and oak.’’ Color Research & Application, 36(6), 462-466, 2011.
- [3] C. K. Sahin, B. Onay. ‘’Alternative wood species for playgrounds wood from fruit trees.’’ Wood Research, 65(1), 149-160, 2020.
- [4] C. K. Sahin, M. Topay, A. A. Var, ‘’A study on suitability of some wood species for landscape applications: surface color, hardness and roughness changes at outdoor conditions.’’ Wood Research, 65(3), 395-404, 2020.
- [5] C. Sahin, B. Onay, E. Mirza, ‘’A Natural Sustainable Material for Urban Design: Wood, In: “Theories, Techniques, Strategies” for Spatial Planners & Designers Planning,’’ Design, Applications, Murat Ozyavuz (ed.), Peter Lang GmbH. Berlin 221-234, 2021.
- [6] Y. Bozkurt, Y. Göker, “Utilization of forest products textbook”, Istanbul University Faculty of Forestry Publications, İstanbul, 1981.
- [7] S. Yıldız, “Physical, mechanical, technological and chemical properties of heat treated eastern beech and eastern spruce woods”, Karadeniz Technical University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Doctoral Thesis, p. 285, Trabzon, 2002.
- [8] C. González Bravo, “Recuperación de la capacidad mecánica en piezas de madera solicitadas a flexión en estructuras tradicionales operando por la cara superior mediante refuerzos y prótesis metálicas”. PhD Thesis. E.T.S. of Architecture, Polytechnic University of Madrid, p. 265, 2007.
- [9] F. H. Theakston, “A feasibility study for strengthening timber beams with fibreglass”, Canadian Agricultural Engineering, vol. 17, 1965.
- [10] J. Fiorelli, A.A. Dias, “Analysis of the strength and stiffness of timber beams reinforced with carbon fiber and glass fiber”, Materials Research, vol. 6, pp. 193–202, 2003.
- [11] M. Fossetti, G. Minafò, M. Papia, “Flexural behaviour of glulam timber beams reinforced with FRP cords”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 95, pp. 54-64, 2015.
- [12] S. Kilincarslan, Y. Şimşek Türker, ‘’The Effect of Strengthening With Fıber Reinforced Polymers on Strength Propertıes of Wood Beams’’, 2nd International Turkish World Engineering and Science Congress, pp. 8-14, 2019.
- [13] F. J. Rescalvo, C. Abarkane, E. Suárez, Valverde- I. Palacios and A. Gallego, “Pine beams retrofitted with FRP and poplar planks: mechanical behavior”. Materials, vol. 12, no. 19, 2019.
- [14] B. F. Donadon, N. T. Mascia, Vilela, R. L., M. Trautwein, “Experimental investigation of glued-laminated timber beams with Vectran-FRP reinforcement”. Engineering Structures, vol. 202, 109818, 2020.
- [15] F. D. Spaun, “Reinforcement of wood with fibreglass”. Forest Product Journal, vol. 31, no.4, pp. 26–33, 1981.
- [16] P. De La Rosa García, A. C. Escamilla, M., N. G. García, “Bending reinforcement of timber beams with composite carbon fiber and basalt fiber materials”. Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 55, pp. 528-536, 2013.
- [17] S. Kilincarslan, Y. Şimşek Türker, “Experimental investigation of the rotational behaviour of glulam column-beam joints reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer composites”. Composite Structures, vol. 262, 2021.
- [18] Ü. K. Işleyen, H. İ. Kesik, “Experimental and numerical analysis of compression and bending strength of old wood reinforced with CFRP strips”, Structures, vol. 33, pp. 259-271, 2021.
There are 18 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | FDK-2019-6950 |
| Early Pub Date | August 19, 2023 |
| Publication Date | August 25, 2023 |
| Submission Date | January 28, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | May 30, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 27 Issue: 4 |
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