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Rekreasyon Alanlarda Toprak Sıkışmasının Bitki ve Toprak Fizikokimyasal Özellikleri Üzerindeki Etkileri: Kastamonu Örneği

Year 2024, Volume: 24 Issue: 1, 22 - 40, 03.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1460405

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışmada rekreasyon alanı topraklarında, toprak penetrasyon direncinin toprak özellikleri ve ağaç fizyolojisi üzerindeki olası etkileri araştırılmıştır.
Çalışma alanı: Kastamonu’da bulunan Açık Maslak ve Kadıdağı rekreasyon alanlarda çalışılmıştır.
Materyal ve yöntem: Her bir rekreasyon alanı içerisinde park, yol, kontrol ve piknik alanların 395 toprak örneğinin bazı özellikleri belirlenmiştir. 61 noktada toprak penetrasyon direnci penetrometre ile ölçülmüştür. 42 ağacın taze ibre örneklerinde bazı fizyolojik özellikler belirlenmiştir.
Temel sonuçlar: Kontrol alanların toprak penetrasyon direnci orta derecede ve 1.6 MPa ile 2.1 MPa arasında değişirken, yüksek derecede sıkışmış diğer kullanım alanlarında 2.03 MPa ile 3.75 MPa arasında değişmektedir. Organik madde ve geçirgenlik değerlerinin artmasıyla toprağın penetrasyon direnci doğrusal olarak azalırken, hacim ağırlığının artmasıyla ile birlikte doğrusal olarak artmıştır. Ayrıca ağacın fizyolojik özellikleri toprak penetrasyon direncine etkisi istatistiksel olarak anlamsızdır (P>0.05).
Araştırma vurguları: Toprak kullanımına bağlı olarak, organik madde, permeabilite, hacim ağırlığı ve toprak nemi üzerinde toprak penetrasyon direncinin çok az da olsa etkili olduğu, ancak ağaçlardaki bazı kimyasal bileşiklerin toprak penetrasyon direncinde önemli bir eğilim göstermediği görülmüştür. Bulgularımız, rekreasyon alanı topraklarında orta ve yüksek derece sıkışmanın çoğunlukla ziyaretçilerin yoğunluğu ya da ziyaretçiler tarafından çiğnenmesinin önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve bunun da toprağın bozulmasına yol açabileceğini göstermektedir

References

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Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu

Year 2024, Volume: 24 Issue: 1, 22 - 40, 03.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1460405

Abstract

Aim of study: This study investigated the possible effects of soil penetration resistance on soil properties and tree physiology in recreational area soils.
Area of study: It was studied in Açık Maslak and Kadıdağı recreational areas in Kastamonu.
Material and methods: Some soil properties were determined in 395 soil samples from park, road, control, and picnic areas in each recreational area. At 61 points, soil penetration resistance was measured with a penetrometer. Some physiological properties were determined in fresh needle samples of 42 trees.
Main results: Soil penetration resistance in the control ranges from 1.6 MPa to 2.1 MPa, with medium compaction, while in other-use areas with high compaction ranged from 2.03 MPa to 3.75 MPa. The soil penetration resistance linearly decreased with increasing organic matter and permeability values. In contrast, the soil penetration resistance increased linearly with increasing soil bulk density. Additionally, the effects of all of tree’s physiological properties on soil penetration resistance were not found to be statistically significant (P>0.05).
Research highlights: Depending on soil use, it was observed that soil penetration resistance was less effective for organic matter, permeability, bulk density and soil moisture content. However, some chemical compounds in trees did not show a significant trend in soil penetration resistance. Our findings show that moderate to high compaction in recreational area soils often significantly affects visitor density or trampling by visitors, which can lead to soil degradation

References

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  • Bouyoucos, G. J. (1936). Directions for making mechanical analysis of soils by the Hydrometer method. Soil Science, 42(3), 225-229.
  • Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72(1-2), 248-254.
  • Bremer, L. L., Nathan, N., Trauernicht, C., Pascua, P., Krueger, N., Jokiel, J., ... & Daily, G. C. (2021). Maintaining the Many Societal Benefits of Rangelands: The Case of Hawaiʻi. Land, 10(7), 764.
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  • Cataldo, D. A., Maroon, M., Schrader, L. E. & et al. (1975). Rapid colorimetric determination of nitrate in plant tissue by nitration of salicylic acid. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 6(1), 71-80.
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  • Deng, J., Qiang, S., Walker, G. J. & Zhang, Y. (2003). Assessment on and perception of visitors' environmental impacts of nature tourism: A case study of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, China. Journal of sustainable tourism, 11(6), 529-548.
  • Dunn, O. J. (1964). Multiple comparisons using rank sums. Technometrics, 6, 241-252.
  • Hargreaves, P. R., Baker, K. L., Graceson, A., Bonnett, S., Ball, B. C. & Cloy, J. M. (2019). Soil compaction effects on grassland silage yields and soil structure under different levels of compaction over three years. European Journal of Agronomy, 109, 125916.
  • Huang, J., Lacey, S. T. & Ryan, P. J. (1996). Impact of forest harvesting on the hydraulic properties of surface soil. Soil Science, 161, 79-86.
  • IBM Corp, (2011). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. Version 20.0. IBM Corp. Armonk. NY.
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  • Kobaissi, A. N., Kanso, A. A., Kanbar, H. J. & et al. (2013). Morpho-physiological changes caused by soil compaction and irrigation on Zea mays. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 2(2), 114-121.
  • Koç, İ., & Nzokou, P. (2022). Do various conifers respond differently to water stress? A comparative study of white pine, concolor and balsam fir. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 22(1), 1-16.
  • Korkanç, S. Y. (2014). Impacts of recreational human trampling on selected soil and vegetation properties of Aladag Natural Park, Turkey. Catena, 113, 219-225.
  • Kozlowski, T. T. (1999). Soil compaction and growth of woody plants. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 14(6), 596-619.
  • Kramer, P. J. & Boyer, J. S. (1995). Water relations of plants and soils. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
  • Kristoffersen, A. Ø. & Riley, H. (2005). Effects of soil compaction and moisture regime on the root and shoot growth and phosphorus uptake of barley plants growing on soils with varying phosphorus status. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 72(2), 135-146.
  • Küçük, M. & Yener, İ. (2019). Farklı arazi kullanımlarının toprakların bazı özellikleri ve azot mineralizasyonu üzerindeki etkisi (Rize. Kalkandere örneği). Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(3), 899-910.
  • Kutiel, P., Zhevelev, Y. & Lavee, H. (2000). Coastal dune ecosystems: Management for conservation objectives III. Soil response of three vegetation types to recreational use. J Mediterr Ecol, 171-180.
  • Lei, S. A. (2004). Soil compaction from human trampling, biking, and off-road motor vehicle activity in a blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima) shrubland. Western North American Naturalist, 125-130.
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There are 75 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Forestry Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gamze Savacı 0000-0003-4685-2797

Khalid Mohamed M. Abokdar This is me 0000-0002-5903-9247

Early Pub Date March 28, 2024
Publication Date April 3, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 24 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Savacı, G., & Abokdar, K. M. M. (2024). Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 24(1), 22-40. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1460405
AMA Savacı G, Abokdar KMM. Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. April 2024;24(1):22-40. doi:10.17475/kastorman.1460405
Chicago Savacı, Gamze, and Khalid Mohamed M. Abokdar. “Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 24, no. 1 (April 2024): 22-40. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1460405.
EndNote Savacı G, Abokdar KMM (April 1, 2024) Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 24 1 22–40.
IEEE G. Savacı and K. M. M. Abokdar, “Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu”, Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 22–40, 2024, doi: 10.17475/kastorman.1460405.
ISNAD Savacı, Gamze - Abokdar, Khalid Mohamed M. “Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 24/1 (April 2024), 22-40. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1460405.
JAMA Savacı G, Abokdar KMM. Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2024;24:22–40.
MLA Savacı, Gamze and Khalid Mohamed M. Abokdar. “Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 24, no. 1, 2024, pp. 22-40, doi:10.17475/kastorman.1460405.
Vancouver Savacı G, Abokdar KMM. Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2024;24(1):22-40.

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