Abstract
Amaç: Küresel bir halk sağlığı sorunu olarak her yıl 800.000'den fazla kişi intihar nedeniyle ölmektedir. Bu çalışmada intihar düşüncesi ile kişilerarası ihtiyaçlar, kazanılmış intihar yeterliliği ve sosyal medya kullanımı arasındaki ilişkiyi Psikolojik İntihar Kuramı bağlamında değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.
Yöntem: Kesitsel olarak planlanan bu araştırma 450 katılımcı ile yapılmıştır. Katılımcılara online platformlar (Whatsapp ve e-posta) aracılığıyla iletişim kurulmuştur. Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden gönüllülere sosyodemografik form Kişilerarası İhtiyaçlar Anketi (KİA), Edinilmiş İntihar Yeterliliği – Ölüm Korkusuzluğu Ölçeği (EİY-EKÖ), Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ) ve Sosyal Medya Kullanım Ölçeği uygulandı. Araştırma Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Girişimsel Olmayan Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 308 (%68,4) kadın ve 142 (%31,6) erkek olmak üzere toplam 450 kişi katılmış olup, yaş ortalaması 26.19± 7,81'idi. Katılımcıların %9.3'ünün (n=42) intihar girişimi öyküsü vardı. Katılımcıların %50.7'sinin sosyal medyadaki intihar haberlerine dikkat çektiği, %22.4'ünün intihar haberlerini takip ettiği öğrenildi. İntihar girişimi olan katılımcıların SMÖ ve KİA puanlarının anlamlı olarak yüksek olduğu görüldü (p=0.002, p=0.000). İntihar haberlerini sosyal medyadan takip edenlerin SMÖ, KİA ve EİY-EKÖ puanlarının anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu saptandı (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.029). Edinilmiş intihar yeterliliği üzerinde etkisi olduğu varsayılan faktörler hiyerarşik regresyon analizi ile değerlendirildi. Buna göre; sosyal medya kullanımının edinilmiş intihar yeterliliği-ölüm korkusuzluğu üzerinde etkili olduğu saptanmıştır (β=.295, t(450)=6.01, p<0.00).
Sonuç: İntihar girişiminde bulunanlarda sosyal medya kullanımı ve kişilerarası ihtiyaç anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, sosyal medya kullanımının intihar yeterliliği - ölüm korkusuzluğunu yordadığı bulunmuştur.
Supporting Institution
yok.
Project Number
YOK
References
- World Health Organization (WHO). Suicide worldwide in 2019: Global health estimates. World Health Organization, Geneva, Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; 2021.
- Curtin SC, Heron M. Death rates due to suicide and homicide among persons aged 10-24: United States, 2000-2017. NCHS Data Brief. 2019;(352):1-8.
- Eskin M. Gençler arasında intihar düşüncesi. girişimi ve tutumları. Türk Psikol Derg. 2017;32(80):93-111. doi.org/10.1037/a0018697
- Van Orden KA, Witte TK, Cukrowicz KC, Braithwaite SR, Selby EA, Joiner TE Jr. The interpersonal theory of suicide. Psychol Rev. 2010;117(2):575-600. doi:10.1037/a0018697
- Ringer FB, Anestis MD. Thwarted belongingness in relation to face-to-face and online interactions. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2018;48(4):468-480. doi:10.1111/sltb.12367
- Pittman M, Reich B. Social media and loneliness: why an Instagram picture may be worth more than a thousand Twitter words. Computers in Human Behav. 2016;62:155-167. doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.084
- Baş Ö, Sunam Audry A, İnceoğlu İ, Kaya YB, Cöbek G, Alkurt SV. Türkiye’de genç yetişkinlerin sosyal medya kullanımları ve paylaşım türlerinin incelenmesi. Intermedia International E-journ. 2023;10(18):136-159. doi:10.56133/intermedia.1259262
- Gündüz U. The effect of social media on identity construction. Mediterranean J Soc Sci. 2017;8(5):85.
- Twenge JM, Cooper AB, Joiner TE, Duffy ME, Binau SG. Age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder indicators and suicide-related outcomes in a nationally representative dataset, 2005-2017. J Abnormal Psychol. 2019;128(3):185-199. doi.org/10.1037/abn0000410
- Korkmaz ŞA, Duman Y, Kaymak SU, et al. The view of# schizophrenia on Twitter (a splitting of the mind in 280 characters). J Health Sci Med. 2021;4(1):91-95.
- Budenz A, Klassen A, Purtle J, Yom Tov E, Yudell M, Massey P. Mental illness and bipolar disorder on Twitter: implications for stigma and social support. J Mental Health. 2020;29(2):191-199.
- Coyne SM, Rogers AA, Zurcher JD, Stockdale L, Booth M. Does time spent using social media impact mental health? an eight year longitudinal study. Comput Human Behav. 2020;104:106160. doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.106160
- Sakarya DC, Güneş C. Sakarya D. İnternette intiharı aramak: internet sitelerinin intihar ile ilişkili içeriklerine göre değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikiyatri Derg. 2013;24(1):44-48. doi: 10.5080/u6870
- Brown RC, Fischer T, Goldwich AD, Keller F, Young R, Plener PL. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) on Instagram. Psychological Medic. 2018;48(2):337-346. doi:10.1017/S0033291717001751
- Bryan CJ. The clinical utility of a brief measure of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness for the detection of suicidal military personnel. J Clin Psychol. 2011;67(10):981-992. doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20726
- Eskin M, Arslantaş H, Öztürk CŞ, Eskin B. Kişilerarası ihtiyaçlar anketi ve edinilmiş intihar yeterliliği-ölüm korkusuzluğu ölçeğinin psikometrik özelliklerinin araştırılması. Klinik Psikiyatri Derg. 2020;23(2). doi.10.5505/kpd.2020.30922
- Ribeiro JD, Witte TK, Van Orden KA, et al. Fearlessness about death: the psychometric properties and construct validity of the revision to the acquired capability for suicide scale. Psychologic Assessment. 2014;26(1):115. doi.org/10.1037/a0034858
- Jenkins-Guarnieri MA, Wright SL, Johnson B. Development and validation of a social media use integration scale. Psychol Popular Media Cult. 2013;2(1):38.
- Akın A, Özbay A, Baykut İ. Sosyal medya kullanımı Ölçeği’nin Türkçe formu’nun geçerliği ve güvenirliği. J Int Social Res. 2015;8(38):108404870
- Beck AT, Weissman A, Lester D, Trexler L. The measurement of pessimism: the hopelessness scale. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1974;42(6):861-865. doi:10.1037/h0037562
- Durak B, Gün A. İntihar olasılığı: Yaşam sürdürme nedenleri, umutsuzluk ve yalnızlık açısınndan bir inceleme. Türk Psikiyatri Derg. 2005;16:29-39.
- Eskin M, Kaynak-Demir H, Demir S. Same-sex sexual orientation, childhood sexual abuse, and suicidal behavior in university students in Turkey. Arch Sexual Behav. 2005;34(2):185-195. doi.10.1007/s10508-005-1796-8
- Eskin M. The role of childhood sexual abuse, childhood gender nonconformity, self-esteem and parental attachment in predicting suicide ideation and attempts in Turkish young adults. Suicidol Online. 2012;3:114-123.
- Joiner TE. Why people die by suicide: further development and tests of the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior. meaning, mortality, choice. Soc Psychol Existent Concerns. 2012;325-336. doi.org/10.1037/13748-018
- Auxier B, Anderson M. Social media use in 2021. Pew Res Center. 2021;1:1-4.
- Servaty-Seib HL, Williams P, Liew CH. Interpersonal and intrapersonal predictors of suicidal thoughts and actions in first-year college students. J Am College Health. 2023;71(3):670-676 doi: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1904950
- Zhao J, Chi Y, Ju Y, et al. Shame and suicidal ideation among undergraduates in China: The mediating effect of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness. Int J Envir Res Public Health. 2020;17(7):2360. doi:10.3390/IJERPH17072360.
- Guidry ET, Cukrowicz KC. Death ideation in older adults: psychological symptoms of depression, thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness. Aging Mental Health, 2016;20(8):823-830. doi:10.1080/13607863.2015.1040721
- Nesi J, Burke TA, Bettis AH, et al. Social media use and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2021;87:102038. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102038
- Robinson J, Cox G, Bailey E, et al. Social media and suicide prevention: a systematic review. Early Interv Psych. 2016;10(2):103-21. doi.org/10.1111/eip.12229
- John A, Glendenning AC, Marchant A, et al. Self-harm, suicidal behaviours, and cyberbullying in children and young people: Systematic review. J Med Internet Res. 2018;20(4):e129. doi: 10.2196/jmir.9044
- Granato SL, Smith PN, Selwyn CN. Acquired capability and masculine gender norm adherence: Potential pathways to higher rates of male suicide. Psychol Men Masculinity. 2015;16(3):246-253. doi:10.1037/A0038181
- Niederkrotenthaler T, Stack S, Till B, et al. Association of increased youth suicides in the United States with the release of 13 reasons why. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019;76(9):933-940. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0922
- Sinyor M, Williams M, Tran US, et al. Suicides in young people in Ontario following the release of “13 reasons why”. Can J Psychiatry. 2019;64(11):798-804. doi.10.1177/0706743719870507
Abstract
Aims: Every year, more than 800. 000 individuals die by suicide as a global public health issue In our study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between suicidal ideation and interpersonal needs, acquired suicidal efficacy, and social media use in the context of Psychological Suicide Theory.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 450 individuals. Participants were contacted through online platforms (Whatsapp and e-mail). The sociodemographic form (gender, age, education, income level, which social media platforms they prefer, their daily social media usage time, what kind of news they follow on social media), Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ), Acquired Suicide Capability – Fear of Death Scale, (ACSS-FAD), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and Social Media Use Scale were applied to the volunteers who gave consent to participate in the study. The research was approved by the Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee.
Results: A total of 450 individuals, 308 (68.4%) women and 142 (31.6%) men, participated in the study, with an average age of 26.19± 7.81. 9.3% (n=42) of the participants had a history of suicide attempt. It was learned that 50.7% of the participants drew their attention to the news of suicide on social media, and 22.4% of them followed the news of suicide. it was observed that those who had suicide attempts had significantly higher scores on the SMUIS and INQ (p= 0.002, p= 0.000). Those who followed suicide news on social media were found to have substantially higher SMUIS, INQ, and ACSS-FAD scores (p= 0.000, p= 0.000, p= 0.029). Hierarchical regression analysis was utilized to evaluate factors assumed to have an effect on acquired suicidal efficacy. According to this; social media use was found to be effective on acquired suicide capability- death fearlessness (β=.295, t(450)=6.01, p<000).
Conclusion: Social media use and interpersonal needs among those who attempted suicide were found to be significantly higher. Additionally, the use of social media has been found to be the most effective factor in finding suicide capability - fearlessness about death.
Project Number
YOK
References
- World Health Organization (WHO). Suicide worldwide in 2019: Global health estimates. World Health Organization, Geneva, Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; 2021.
- Curtin SC, Heron M. Death rates due to suicide and homicide among persons aged 10-24: United States, 2000-2017. NCHS Data Brief. 2019;(352):1-8.
- Eskin M. Gençler arasında intihar düşüncesi. girişimi ve tutumları. Türk Psikol Derg. 2017;32(80):93-111. doi.org/10.1037/a0018697
- Van Orden KA, Witte TK, Cukrowicz KC, Braithwaite SR, Selby EA, Joiner TE Jr. The interpersonal theory of suicide. Psychol Rev. 2010;117(2):575-600. doi:10.1037/a0018697
- Ringer FB, Anestis MD. Thwarted belongingness in relation to face-to-face and online interactions. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2018;48(4):468-480. doi:10.1111/sltb.12367
- Pittman M, Reich B. Social media and loneliness: why an Instagram picture may be worth more than a thousand Twitter words. Computers in Human Behav. 2016;62:155-167. doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.084
- Baş Ö, Sunam Audry A, İnceoğlu İ, Kaya YB, Cöbek G, Alkurt SV. Türkiye’de genç yetişkinlerin sosyal medya kullanımları ve paylaşım türlerinin incelenmesi. Intermedia International E-journ. 2023;10(18):136-159. doi:10.56133/intermedia.1259262
- Gündüz U. The effect of social media on identity construction. Mediterranean J Soc Sci. 2017;8(5):85.
- Twenge JM, Cooper AB, Joiner TE, Duffy ME, Binau SG. Age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder indicators and suicide-related outcomes in a nationally representative dataset, 2005-2017. J Abnormal Psychol. 2019;128(3):185-199. doi.org/10.1037/abn0000410
- Korkmaz ŞA, Duman Y, Kaymak SU, et al. The view of# schizophrenia on Twitter (a splitting of the mind in 280 characters). J Health Sci Med. 2021;4(1):91-95.
- Budenz A, Klassen A, Purtle J, Yom Tov E, Yudell M, Massey P. Mental illness and bipolar disorder on Twitter: implications for stigma and social support. J Mental Health. 2020;29(2):191-199.
- Coyne SM, Rogers AA, Zurcher JD, Stockdale L, Booth M. Does time spent using social media impact mental health? an eight year longitudinal study. Comput Human Behav. 2020;104:106160. doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.106160
- Sakarya DC, Güneş C. Sakarya D. İnternette intiharı aramak: internet sitelerinin intihar ile ilişkili içeriklerine göre değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikiyatri Derg. 2013;24(1):44-48. doi: 10.5080/u6870
- Brown RC, Fischer T, Goldwich AD, Keller F, Young R, Plener PL. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) on Instagram. Psychological Medic. 2018;48(2):337-346. doi:10.1017/S0033291717001751
- Bryan CJ. The clinical utility of a brief measure of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness for the detection of suicidal military personnel. J Clin Psychol. 2011;67(10):981-992. doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20726
- Eskin M, Arslantaş H, Öztürk CŞ, Eskin B. Kişilerarası ihtiyaçlar anketi ve edinilmiş intihar yeterliliği-ölüm korkusuzluğu ölçeğinin psikometrik özelliklerinin araştırılması. Klinik Psikiyatri Derg. 2020;23(2). doi.10.5505/kpd.2020.30922
- Ribeiro JD, Witte TK, Van Orden KA, et al. Fearlessness about death: the psychometric properties and construct validity of the revision to the acquired capability for suicide scale. Psychologic Assessment. 2014;26(1):115. doi.org/10.1037/a0034858
- Jenkins-Guarnieri MA, Wright SL, Johnson B. Development and validation of a social media use integration scale. Psychol Popular Media Cult. 2013;2(1):38.
- Akın A, Özbay A, Baykut İ. Sosyal medya kullanımı Ölçeği’nin Türkçe formu’nun geçerliği ve güvenirliği. J Int Social Res. 2015;8(38):108404870
- Beck AT, Weissman A, Lester D, Trexler L. The measurement of pessimism: the hopelessness scale. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1974;42(6):861-865. doi:10.1037/h0037562
- Durak B, Gün A. İntihar olasılığı: Yaşam sürdürme nedenleri, umutsuzluk ve yalnızlık açısınndan bir inceleme. Türk Psikiyatri Derg. 2005;16:29-39.
- Eskin M, Kaynak-Demir H, Demir S. Same-sex sexual orientation, childhood sexual abuse, and suicidal behavior in university students in Turkey. Arch Sexual Behav. 2005;34(2):185-195. doi.10.1007/s10508-005-1796-8
- Eskin M. The role of childhood sexual abuse, childhood gender nonconformity, self-esteem and parental attachment in predicting suicide ideation and attempts in Turkish young adults. Suicidol Online. 2012;3:114-123.
- Joiner TE. Why people die by suicide: further development and tests of the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior. meaning, mortality, choice. Soc Psychol Existent Concerns. 2012;325-336. doi.org/10.1037/13748-018
- Auxier B, Anderson M. Social media use in 2021. Pew Res Center. 2021;1:1-4.
- Servaty-Seib HL, Williams P, Liew CH. Interpersonal and intrapersonal predictors of suicidal thoughts and actions in first-year college students. J Am College Health. 2023;71(3):670-676 doi: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1904950
- Zhao J, Chi Y, Ju Y, et al. Shame and suicidal ideation among undergraduates in China: The mediating effect of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness. Int J Envir Res Public Health. 2020;17(7):2360. doi:10.3390/IJERPH17072360.
- Guidry ET, Cukrowicz KC. Death ideation in older adults: psychological symptoms of depression, thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness. Aging Mental Health, 2016;20(8):823-830. doi:10.1080/13607863.2015.1040721
- Nesi J, Burke TA, Bettis AH, et al. Social media use and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2021;87:102038. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102038
- Robinson J, Cox G, Bailey E, et al. Social media and suicide prevention: a systematic review. Early Interv Psych. 2016;10(2):103-21. doi.org/10.1111/eip.12229
- John A, Glendenning AC, Marchant A, et al. Self-harm, suicidal behaviours, and cyberbullying in children and young people: Systematic review. J Med Internet Res. 2018;20(4):e129. doi: 10.2196/jmir.9044
- Granato SL, Smith PN, Selwyn CN. Acquired capability and masculine gender norm adherence: Potential pathways to higher rates of male suicide. Psychol Men Masculinity. 2015;16(3):246-253. doi:10.1037/A0038181
- Niederkrotenthaler T, Stack S, Till B, et al. Association of increased youth suicides in the United States with the release of 13 reasons why. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019;76(9):933-940. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0922
- Sinyor M, Williams M, Tran US, et al. Suicides in young people in Ontario following the release of “13 reasons why”. Can J Psychiatry. 2019;64(11):798-804. doi.10.1177/0706743719870507
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Psychiatry |
| Journal Section | Research Articles [en] Araştırma Makaleleri [tr] |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | YOK |
| Early Pub Date | October 26, 2023 |
| Publication Date | October 27, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 5 |
TR DİZİN ULAKBİM and International Indexes (1d)
Interuniversity Board (UAK) Equivalency: Article published in Ulakbim TR Index journal [10 POINTS], and Article published in other (excuding 1a, b, c) international indexed journal (1d) [5 POINTS]
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