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Zinc Fertilizer Applications to Ocimum basilicum L. under Water Stress: Changes in the Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, Essential Oil Compounds and Morphological Properties

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 117 - 127, 30.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.56430/japro.1340577

Abstract

Water stress poses a significant challenge for plant growth and productivity, impacting both yield and quality. With the ongoing changes in global climate, mitigating the adverse effects of water deficiency on plants has become crucial. In this study, the focus is on enhancing the tolerance of Ocimum basilicum L., a plant highly susceptible to water stress. To achieve this, in this study examined the effects of zinc fertilizer supplementation at varying rates (2.5 - 5 and 10 mg/kg) on O. basilicum grown in silty sandy soil and subjected to water stress conditions. Several parameters, including mineral uptake, morphological characteristics, total phenol and flavonoid contents, and essential oil compounds, were evaluated in sweet basil. The results revealed that water stress had a detrimental impact on the morphological properties and secondary metabolites analysed. Estragole emerged as the main compound in the essential oil analysis, with the highest concentration (69.37%) observed in the group treated with 10 mg/kg of zinc fertilizer. Conversely, the lowest concentration (66.14%) was recorded in the water-stressed group without fertilizer. Notably, the application of zinc fertilizer at concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/kg significantly ameliorated the negative effects induced by water stress. Furthermore, zinc exhibited diverse mechanisms of action concerning the uptake of other nutrients from the soil.

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Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 117 - 127, 30.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.56430/japro.1340577

Abstract

References

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  • Ahmadi, M., & Souri, M. K. (2020). Growth characteristics and fruit quality of chili pepper under higher electrical conductivity of nutrient solution induced by various salts. AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science, 42(1), 143-152. http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v42i1.2225
  • Ahmed, A. F., Attia, F. A., Liu, Z., Li, C., Wei, J., & Kang, W. (2019). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of essential oils and extracts of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants. Food Science and Human Wellness, 8(3), 299-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2019.07.004
  • Akhtar, N., Sarker, M. A. M., Akhter, H., & Nada, M. K. (2009). Effect of planting time and micronutrient as zinc chloride on the growth, yield and oil content of Mentha piperita. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 44(1), 125-130. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v44i1.2721
  • Albergaria, E. T., Oliveira, A. F. M., & Albuquerque, U. P. (2020). The effect of water deficit stress on the composition of phenolic compounds in medicinal plants. South African Journal of Botany, 131, 12-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2020.02.002
  • Avila, R. T., de Almeida, W. L., Costa, L. C., Machado, K. L., Barbosa, M. L., de Souza, R. P., Martino, P. B., Juárez, M. A., Marçal, D. M., & Martins, S. C. (2020). Elevated air [CO2] improves photosynthetic performance and alters biomass accumulation and partitioning in drought-stressed coffee plants. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 177, 104137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104137
  • Ay, E. B., Açıkgöz, M. A., Kocaman, B., Mesci, S., Kocaman, B., & Yıldırım, T. (2023). Zinc and phosphorus fertilization in Galanthus elwesii Hook: Changes in the total alkaloid, flavonoid, and phenolic content, and evaluation of anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and antioxidant activities. Scientia Horticulturae, 317, 112034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2023.112034
  • Baher, Z. F., Mirza, M., Ghorbanli, M., & Bagher Rezaii, M. (2002). The influence of water stress on plant height, herbal and essential oil yield and composition in Satureja hortensis L. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 17(4), 275-277. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1097
  • Bahreininejad, B., Razmjoo, J., & Mirza, M. (2014). Effect of water stress on productivity and essential oil content and composition of Thymus carmanicus. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 17(5), 717-725. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2014.901605
  • Bettaieb, I., Hamrouni-Sellami, I., Bourgou, S., Limam, F., & Marzouk, B. (2011). Drought effects on polyphenol composition and antioxidant activities in aerial parts of Salvia officinalis L. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 33, 1103-1111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-010-0638-z
  • Bettaieb, I., Zakhama, N., Wannes, W. A., Kchouk, M., & Marzouk, B. (2009). Water deficit effects on Salvia officinalis fatty acids and essential oils composition. Scientia Horticulturae, 120(2), 271-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2008.10.016
  • Brunetti, G., Farrag, K., Rovira, P. S., Nigro, F., & Senesi, N. (2011). Greenhouse and field studies on Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn phytoextraction by Brassica napus from contaminated soils in the Apulia region, Southern Italy. Geoderma, 160(3-4), 517-523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.10.023
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There are 63 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Ecology (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Funda Ulusu 0000-0002-0321-2602

Early Pub Date December 30, 2023
Publication Date December 30, 2023
Submission Date August 10, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ulusu, F. (2023). Zinc Fertilizer Applications to Ocimum basilicum L. under Water Stress: Changes in the Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, Essential Oil Compounds and Morphological Properties. Journal of Agricultural Production, 4(2), 117-127. https://doi.org/10.56430/japro.1340577