Research Article
Year 2023,
Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 39 - 54, 21.12.2023
Abstract
Sanayi Devrimi’nden bu yana, doğrusal ekonomik sistemlerin yol açtığı atık ve kaynak tükenmesi sorunları, döngüsel ekonomi kavramını ortaya çıkardı. Döngüsel ekonomi, azaltım, yeniden kullanma ve geri dönüşüm prensiplerini içermektedir. Böylece doğal kaynakların verimli kullanılması ve çevresel etkilerin en aza indirilmesi sağlanır. Geri dönüşümün belirleyicilerine yönelik literatürde pek çok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar makro ve mikro ölçeklidir. Makro ölçekli çalışmalarda ambalaj atıklarının geri dönüşümünün belirleyicileri olarak sıklıkla sosyoekonomik faktörler kullanılmaktadır. Fakat ambalaj atıklarının her türünü aynı anda inceleyen çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada 6 farklı ambalaj atığının sosyoekonomik belirleyicileri incelenmiştir. Kullanılan 6 farklı modelde 28 AB ülkesinin 2015-2019 yılları arasındaki verileri panel veri analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. İstatistiki açıdan anlamlı çıkan modellerden kağıt ve cam geri dönüşüm oranlarının bağımlı değişken olduğu modellerde Ar&Ge faaliyetlerinin ilgili materyallerin geri dönüşüm oranını arttırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Cam atıklarının geri dönüşümünde eğitimin olumlu etkisi de bu çalışmanın sonuçları içerisinde yer almaktadır. Çalışmada ayrıca beklentilerin aksine GSYH’nın plastik malzemenin geri dönüşümünü azalttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Keywords
References
- Acerbi, F. & Taisch, M. (2020). A Literature Review on Circular Economy Adoption in the Manufacturing Sector, Journal of Cleaner Production, 273,123086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123086
- Afroz, R., Hanaki, K. & Tudin, R., (2011). Factors Affecting Waste Generation: A Study in a Waste Management Program in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 179, 509–519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1753-4
- Berglund, C. & Söderholm, P., (2003). An Econometric Analysis of Global Waste Paper Recovery and Utilization. Environmental and Resource Economics, 26: 429–456.
- Berndtsson, M., (2015). Circular Economy and Sustainable Development. Master Thesis in Sustainable Development at Uppsala University, 53, 30 ECTS/hp, Sweden.
- Colesca, S.E., Ciocoiu, C.N. & Popescu, M. L, (2014). Determinants of WEEE Recycling Behaviour in Romania: A Fuzzy Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research, 8(2): 353-366. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJER.2014.726 Çifçi, İ., Özbek, R. İ. ve Uzgören, E. (2018). Feldstein-Horioka Bulmacasının OECD Ülkeleri İçin Panel Veri Analiziyle Sınanması. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 25(2), 369-390.
- EEA. 2022. Finland Country Profile. European Environment Agency.
- EU. 2023. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database. Erişim 25/08/2023.
- Esposito, M., Tse, T. & Soufani, K., (2018). The Circular Economy: An Opportunity for Renewal, Growth and Stability. Thunderbird International Business Review, 60 (5): 725-728.
- Ghisellini, P., Quinto, I., Passaro, R. & Ulgiati, S. (2023). Circular Economy Management of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) in Italian Urban Systems: Comparison and Perspectives. Sustainability, 15(11):9054. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15119054
- Goyal, S., Esposito, M. & Kapoor, A. (2018). Circular Economy Business Models in Developing Economies: Lessons from India on Reduce, Recycle, and Reuse Paradigms. Thunderbird International Business Review, 60 (5): 729-740. Guerin, D., Crete, J. & Mercier, J., (2001). A Multilevel Analysis of the Determinants of Recycling Behavior in the European Countries. Social Science Research, 30 (2): 195-218. https://doi.org/10.1006/ssre.2000.0694
- Hondroyiannis, G., Sardianou, E., Nikou, V., Evangelinos, K. & Nikolaou, I. (2023). Recycling Rate Performance and Socioeconomic Determinants: Evidence from Aggregate and Regional Data Across European Union Countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 139877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139877.
- Islam, M. T., Huda, N., Baumber, A., Shumon, R., Zaman, A., Ali, F., Hossain, R. & Sahajwalla, V. (2021). A Global Review of Consumer Behavior Towards E-Waste and Implications for the Circular Economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 316:128297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128297.
- Jaoko, J. O., Oindo, B. O. & Abuom P. O. (2016). Factors Influencing Willingness to Recycle E-Waste in Kisumu City Central Business District. Kenya. International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS), 3 (4): 1-9.
- Jenkins, R. R., Martinez, S. A., Palmer, K. & Podolsky, M. J.(2003). The Determinants of Household Recycling: A Material-Specific Analysis of Recycling Program Features and Unit Pricing. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 45 (2): 294-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00054-2.
- Kostakis, I. & Tsagarakis, P. T., (2022). Social and Economic Determinants of Materials Recycling and Circularity in Europe: An Empirical Investigation. The Annals of Regional Science, 68:263–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-021-01074-x
- Lacy, P. & Rutqvist, J., (2016). Waste to Wealth: The Circular Economy Advantage. Springer, Berlin.
- Liu L., LiangY., Song Q. & Li J., (2017). A Review of Waste Prevention Through 3R under the Concept of Circular Economy in China, Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 19 (4):1314-1323.
- Lu, Z., Cai, J., Yu, Q. & Xie, A., (2000). The Influences of Materials Flows in Steel Manufacturing Process on Its Energy Intensity. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 36 (4): 370-378.
- Meskers, C., Worrell, E. & Reuter, M. A. (2023). Handbook of Recycling, State-of-the-art for Practitioners, Analysts, and Scientists. 2nd Edition, Elsevier, The Netherlands.
- Monsù Scolaro, A.& De Medici, S., (2021). Downcycling and Upcycling in Rehabilitation and Adaptive Reuse of Pre-Existing Buildings: Re-Designing Technological Performances in an Environmental Perspective. Energies, 14, 6863:1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14216863
- Murray, A., Skene, K. and Haynes, K., 2017. The Circular Economy: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of the Concept and Application in a Global Context. Journal of Business Ethics, 140 (3): 369-380.
- Önder, H. & Özçelik, Ö., (2023). Atık Yönetimi ve Ekonomi: Avrupa Birliği Üye Ülkelerinde Atık Yönetimi ve Sosyoekonomik Belirleyicileri: Panel Veri ile Bir Analiz. Çevresel Açıdan Sektörel Atık Yönetimi ve Uygulamaları II içinde (s. 231-256). İ. Tosun ve K. Ekinci (Edt.), Nobel Bilimsel Eserler, Ankara.
- Önder, H., (2018). The Socio-Economic Determiners of Recycling: An Analysis on European Countries Through a Macro Perspective. Amfiteatru Economic, 20(48), pp. 405-417. https://doi.org/10.24818/EA/2018/48/405 Özçelik, Ö. (2021)., Çevre ve Ekonomik Büyüme. Çevre Bilimleri içinde (s. 171-202). A. Yılmaz (Edt.), Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları, Eskişehir.
- Sankoh, F. P., Yan, X. & Conteh, A. M. H. (2012). A Situational Assessment of Socioeconomic Factors Affecting Solid Waste Generation and Composition in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Journal of Environmental Protection. 3 (7): 563-568. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2012.37067
- Saphores, J. D. M. & Nixon, H. (2014). How Effective are Current Household Recycling Policies? Results from a National Survey of U.S. Households. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 92: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2014.08.010.
- Sinha, E. (2022). Circular Economy - A Way Forward to Sustainable Development: Identifying Conceptual Overlaps and Contingency Factors at the Microlevel. Sustainable Development, 30 (4):771-783. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2263
- Teagarden, M. B., (2018). The Circular Economy - Past, Present and Future, Thunderbird International Business Review, 60 (5): 723.
- Yang Q. Z., Zhou J., & Xu K., (2014). A 3R Implementation Framework to Enable Circular Consumption in Community, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 5 (2):217-222.
Year 2023,
Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 39 - 54, 21.12.2023
Abstract
Since the Industrial Revolution, the problems of waste and resource depletion caused by linear economic systems have given rise to the circular economy concept. Circular economy includes the principles of reduction, reuse and recycling. This ensures efficient use of natural resources and minimization of environmental impacts. Many studies have been conducted in the literature on the determinants of recycling. These studies are macro and micro scale. In macro-scale studies, socio-economic factors are frequently used as determinants of packaging waste recycling. However, there is no study examining all types of packaging waste simultaneously. This study examined the socio-economic determinants of 6 different packaging wastes. The data of 28 EU countries between 2015 and 2019 were examined using the panel data analysis method in 6 different models. Among the statistically significant models, in which paper and glass recycling rates are dependent variables, it has been concluded that R&D activities increase the recycling rate of the relevant materials. The positive effect of education on the recycling of glass waste is also included in the results of this study. The study also concluded that contrary to expectations, GDP reduces the recycling of plastic materials.
Keywords
References
- Acerbi, F. & Taisch, M. (2020). A Literature Review on Circular Economy Adoption in the Manufacturing Sector, Journal of Cleaner Production, 273,123086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123086
- Afroz, R., Hanaki, K. & Tudin, R., (2011). Factors Affecting Waste Generation: A Study in a Waste Management Program in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 179, 509–519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1753-4
- Berglund, C. & Söderholm, P., (2003). An Econometric Analysis of Global Waste Paper Recovery and Utilization. Environmental and Resource Economics, 26: 429–456.
- Berndtsson, M., (2015). Circular Economy and Sustainable Development. Master Thesis in Sustainable Development at Uppsala University, 53, 30 ECTS/hp, Sweden.
- Colesca, S.E., Ciocoiu, C.N. & Popescu, M. L, (2014). Determinants of WEEE Recycling Behaviour in Romania: A Fuzzy Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research, 8(2): 353-366. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJER.2014.726 Çifçi, İ., Özbek, R. İ. ve Uzgören, E. (2018). Feldstein-Horioka Bulmacasının OECD Ülkeleri İçin Panel Veri Analiziyle Sınanması. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 25(2), 369-390.
- EEA. 2022. Finland Country Profile. European Environment Agency.
- EU. 2023. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database. Erişim 25/08/2023.
- Esposito, M., Tse, T. & Soufani, K., (2018). The Circular Economy: An Opportunity for Renewal, Growth and Stability. Thunderbird International Business Review, 60 (5): 725-728.
- Ghisellini, P., Quinto, I., Passaro, R. & Ulgiati, S. (2023). Circular Economy Management of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) in Italian Urban Systems: Comparison and Perspectives. Sustainability, 15(11):9054. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15119054
- Goyal, S., Esposito, M. & Kapoor, A. (2018). Circular Economy Business Models in Developing Economies: Lessons from India on Reduce, Recycle, and Reuse Paradigms. Thunderbird International Business Review, 60 (5): 729-740. Guerin, D., Crete, J. & Mercier, J., (2001). A Multilevel Analysis of the Determinants of Recycling Behavior in the European Countries. Social Science Research, 30 (2): 195-218. https://doi.org/10.1006/ssre.2000.0694
- Hondroyiannis, G., Sardianou, E., Nikou, V., Evangelinos, K. & Nikolaou, I. (2023). Recycling Rate Performance and Socioeconomic Determinants: Evidence from Aggregate and Regional Data Across European Union Countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 139877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139877.
- Islam, M. T., Huda, N., Baumber, A., Shumon, R., Zaman, A., Ali, F., Hossain, R. & Sahajwalla, V. (2021). A Global Review of Consumer Behavior Towards E-Waste and Implications for the Circular Economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 316:128297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128297.
- Jaoko, J. O., Oindo, B. O. & Abuom P. O. (2016). Factors Influencing Willingness to Recycle E-Waste in Kisumu City Central Business District. Kenya. International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS), 3 (4): 1-9.
- Jenkins, R. R., Martinez, S. A., Palmer, K. & Podolsky, M. J.(2003). The Determinants of Household Recycling: A Material-Specific Analysis of Recycling Program Features and Unit Pricing. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 45 (2): 294-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00054-2.
- Kostakis, I. & Tsagarakis, P. T., (2022). Social and Economic Determinants of Materials Recycling and Circularity in Europe: An Empirical Investigation. The Annals of Regional Science, 68:263–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-021-01074-x
- Lacy, P. & Rutqvist, J., (2016). Waste to Wealth: The Circular Economy Advantage. Springer, Berlin.
- Liu L., LiangY., Song Q. & Li J., (2017). A Review of Waste Prevention Through 3R under the Concept of Circular Economy in China, Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 19 (4):1314-1323.
- Lu, Z., Cai, J., Yu, Q. & Xie, A., (2000). The Influences of Materials Flows in Steel Manufacturing Process on Its Energy Intensity. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 36 (4): 370-378.
- Meskers, C., Worrell, E. & Reuter, M. A. (2023). Handbook of Recycling, State-of-the-art for Practitioners, Analysts, and Scientists. 2nd Edition, Elsevier, The Netherlands.
- Monsù Scolaro, A.& De Medici, S., (2021). Downcycling and Upcycling in Rehabilitation and Adaptive Reuse of Pre-Existing Buildings: Re-Designing Technological Performances in an Environmental Perspective. Energies, 14, 6863:1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14216863
- Murray, A., Skene, K. and Haynes, K., 2017. The Circular Economy: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of the Concept and Application in a Global Context. Journal of Business Ethics, 140 (3): 369-380.
- Önder, H. & Özçelik, Ö., (2023). Atık Yönetimi ve Ekonomi: Avrupa Birliği Üye Ülkelerinde Atık Yönetimi ve Sosyoekonomik Belirleyicileri: Panel Veri ile Bir Analiz. Çevresel Açıdan Sektörel Atık Yönetimi ve Uygulamaları II içinde (s. 231-256). İ. Tosun ve K. Ekinci (Edt.), Nobel Bilimsel Eserler, Ankara.
- Önder, H., (2018). The Socio-Economic Determiners of Recycling: An Analysis on European Countries Through a Macro Perspective. Amfiteatru Economic, 20(48), pp. 405-417. https://doi.org/10.24818/EA/2018/48/405 Özçelik, Ö. (2021)., Çevre ve Ekonomik Büyüme. Çevre Bilimleri içinde (s. 171-202). A. Yılmaz (Edt.), Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları, Eskişehir.
- Sankoh, F. P., Yan, X. & Conteh, A. M. H. (2012). A Situational Assessment of Socioeconomic Factors Affecting Solid Waste Generation and Composition in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Journal of Environmental Protection. 3 (7): 563-568. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2012.37067
- Saphores, J. D. M. & Nixon, H. (2014). How Effective are Current Household Recycling Policies? Results from a National Survey of U.S. Households. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 92: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2014.08.010.
- Sinha, E. (2022). Circular Economy - A Way Forward to Sustainable Development: Identifying Conceptual Overlaps and Contingency Factors at the Microlevel. Sustainable Development, 30 (4):771-783. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2263
- Teagarden, M. B., (2018). The Circular Economy - Past, Present and Future, Thunderbird International Business Review, 60 (5): 723.
- Yang Q. Z., Zhou J., & Xu K., (2014). A 3R Implementation Framework to Enable Circular Consumption in Community, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 5 (2):217-222.
There are 28 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Macroeconomics (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | December 21, 2023 |
| Publication Date | December 21, 2023 |
| Submission Date | December 5, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | December 19, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 2 |
Anadolu Economics, Anadolu Universitesi Yunus Emre Kampusu Iktisat Fakultesi 26470 Tepebasi / Eskisehir, Turkey
iktisatdergi@anadolu.edu.tr
e-ISSN: 2687-4563